10- Reinforcement

Question 1

To establish our strength and behavior

Answer 1

Continuous reinforcement

Question 2

To maintain behavior

Answer 2

Intermittent reinforcement

Question 3

Used to weaken behavior

Answer 3

Extinction

Question 4

If it’s been paired with a variety of other reinforcers AND Is effective for a wide range of behavior is then it…

Answer 4

Generalized (Conditioned) Reinforcer

Question 5

Prior learning is necessary for the stimulus to function as a reinforcer

Answer 5

Conditioned reinforcer

Question 6

Prior learning was NOT necessary for the stimulus to function as a reinforcer.

Answer 6

Unconditioned Reinforcer

Question 7

S—R——Desired conditioned reinforcer + Identified reinforcer

Answer 7

Pairing

Question 8

Ex.
• Desired conditioned reinforcer- Yourself. Provide reinforcer contingent upon appropriate response already in learners repertoire

• Family members and staff: same as above but have family members or staff provide.
• Praise: praise immediately followed by a reinforcer

• Tokens: high functioning Learners: set up a short time. I.e. five minutes.
- “You will earn a token every time you engage in target response; at the end of time, you can exchange your tokens for a rave items/activities.

Other tangibles, activities: other tangible or activity etc. immediately followed by a reinforcer

Answer 8

Pairing identified reinforcer with Desired Conditioned reinforcer.

Question 9

Emotional responses

Situation/person may become conditioned aversive stimuli

Other behavior that has succeeded at avoidance/escape of aversive stimuli

Answer 9

Unwanted effects of negative reinforcement

Question 10

Example: Crying after a difficult task is presented

Possible plan:Start with least a verse of task and gradually increased difficulty of task

Answer 10

Emotional responses – unwanted effects of negative reinforcement

Question 11

Example: Oh no, here comes Mr. G. Time to hide

Possible plan: vary staff members, situations and specific phrases used when training

Answer 11

Situation/person may become conditioned aversive stimuli-

Unwanted effects of negative reinforcement

Question 12

Example: Crying and screaming After a difficult task is presented

Start with lease aversive task and gradually increase the difficulty of task

Answer 12

Other behavior that has succeeded at avoidance/escape of aversive stimuli

Unwanted effects of negative reinforcement

Question 13

Beware the cookie monster… Behavior excess

Shadowing the SD

Reinforcing undesirable behavior

Answer 13

Unwanted effects of reinforcement

Question 14

Example: can I have this? And I have that? In this? And that… Or break please, I want a break etc.

Possible plan: start on CRF to establish behavior, then switch to intermediate reinforcement to maintain at desired level

Answer 14

B where are the cookie monster: behavior excess

Question 15

Example: Yay, there is Mrs. G, she always gives me cookies I’m gonna follow her all day long

Possible plan: very staff members and specific phrases used when training

Answer 15

Shadowing the ASD

Question 16

Example: First, Johnny wines for Teddy, then he asks appropriately. Even though he asks appropriately it is always preceded by whining

Possible Plan: Differential Reinforcement:

- RFX: Asking appropriately
- EXT: Whining followed by asking appropriately

Answer 16

Reinforcing undesirable behavior

Question 17

ASR
MDuring an extension procedure for pinching after a difficult task, a BCBA Test says that her client begins to kick after a difficult demand has been placed. Which of the following might the BC BA choose that can “minimize the occurrence of undesirable behavior”?

A. Begin with a simple task for the client, then gradually fade in the difficulty of the task

B. Please kicking on extinction, provide reinforcement for only correct requests for a break

C. Have several different teachers present the task and use extension for all inappropriate behavior

D. Provide reinforcement for a politely requesting a break: please all of the responses on extinction

Answer 17

A