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MSK - Final > 10/7 Introduction to Upper Extremity and Superficial Back - Brauer | Scapular and Deltoid Region - Carter (Completed) > Flashcards

10/7 Introduction to Upper Extremity and Superficial Back - Brauer | Scapular and Deltoid Region - Carter (Completed) Flashcards

1
Q

What two bones make up the pectoral girdle? 2

A

calvicle

scapula

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2
Q

What is the only limb joint that attaches the upper limb to the body? 3

A

the sternoclavicular joint

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3
Q

What kind of joint is the sternoclavicular joint? 3

A

synovial joint w/ two separate synovial cavities

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4
Q

What muscles do we describe as hypaxial? 5

A

ventral

flexors of arm and shoulder

SOME MUSCLES OF EXTENSORS OF LIMBS IN THE BACK

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5
Q

What muscles do we describe as Epaxial? 5

A

dorsal

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6
Q

If you had to pick a region, what region of the back would you say was hypaxial?

A

The superficial back muscles (primarily involved in moving the upper limb)

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7
Q

What are the muscles of Layer 1 (Superficial layer)? Where are these muscles derived from? What innervates these muscles? 7

A

Trapezius (CN 11 Accessory)

Latissimus Dorsi (Thoracodorsal n.)

Both are hypaxial muscles

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8
Q

What are the muscles of Layer 2 of the back (Intermediate Layer)? Where are these muscles derived from? What innervates these muscles? 7

A

Levator Scapulae m. (Dorsal Scapular n.)

Rhomboid Minor m. (Dorsal Scapular n.)

Rhomboid Major m. (Dorsal Scapular n.)

All are Hypaxial muscles

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9
Q

Where does the Trapezius m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action? 8, 9

A

Superficial muscle

O –> nuchal ligament ( C7 - T12)

Insertion:
clavicle
acromion
scapular spine

N –> Spinal Accessory n. CN 11 (also motor branches of C3 & C4)

Action: PURED
P rotraction
U pward rotation of scapula
R etraction
E levation
D epression of scapula
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10
Q

Where does the Latissimus Dorsi m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action? 10, 11

A

Superficial muscle

Origin:
thoracolumbar fascia (T7 - T12)
Iliac crest

I –> intertubercular sulcus of humerus

N –> thoracodorsal nerve (C6 - C8)

Action: MAE
M edially rotates humerus
A dducts humerus
E xtends humerus

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11
Q

What are the borders of the triangle of Auscultation? 12

A

Trapezius m. (Spinal accessory CN 11)

Latissimus dorsi m. (thoracodorsal n.)

Medial scapular border

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12
Q

Where does the Levator scapulae m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action? 14, 15

A

Deep Extrinsic Muscle

O –> post. tubercles of transverse processes (C1 - C4)

I –> medial superior scapula

N –> dorsal scapular n. (C5)

Action:
elevates scapula
Downward rotation scapula

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13
Q

Where does the Rhomboid minor m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action? 14, 15

A

Deep Extrinsic Muscle

O –> nuchal ligament (C7 - T1)

I –> upper medial border of scapula

N –> dorsal scapular n. (C5)

Action: RED
R etraction
E levation of scapula
D ownward rotation

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14
Q

Where does the Rhomboid major m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action? 14, 15

A

Deep Extrinsic Muscle

O –> spinous processes (T2 - T5)

I –> medial scapular border

N –> dorsal scapular n. (C5)

Action: RED
R etraction
E levation of scapula
D ownward rotation

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15
Q

Dorsal Rami innervate deep muscle and what else? 16

A

Dorsal Rami (epaxial) innervate deep muscles and then penetrate through ventral rami (hypaxial) to innervate cutaneously

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16
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff muscles? 17, 18

A

SITS

Supraspinatus m.
Infraspinatus m.
Teres minor m.
Subscapularis

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17
Q

What innervates the supraspinatus m. and infraspinatus m.? 18

A

Supraspinatus n.

18
Q

What innervates Teres minor m.? 18

A

Axillary n.

19
Q

What innervates the subscapularis m.? 18

A

subscapular n.

20
Q

What ligament transverses the suprascapular notch?

A

transverse scapular ligament

21
Q

Within the suprascapular notch where do the artery and nerve transverse? What is the artery? What is the nerve? 19

A

suprascapular n. goes under transverse scapular ligament

suprascapular a. goes over the transverse scapular ligament

22
Q

What are the branches of the Thyrocervical trunk? 20

A

1.) Suprascapular a. –> infrascapular a. –> 4.) circumflex scapular a. –> subscapular a. –> axillary a. and 5.) thoracodorsal a.

Transverse cervical a. –> 2.) dorsal scapular a. –> 3.) posterior intercostal arteries

Subclavian a. –> axillary a. (name change happens when subclavian crosses the clavicle)

23
Q

If you ligate the axillary a. what changes would occur? 21

A

blood flow would reverse in the subscapular a. allowing for the lower extremity to still receive blood

24
Q

What is found within the triangular space? 22

A

circumflex scapular a.

25
Q

What is found within the Quadrangular space? 22

A

axillary n.

posterior humeral circumflex a.

26
Q

What is found within the Triangular hiatus? 22

A

Radial n.

Deep brachial a.

27
Q

What are the borders of the triangular space? 22

A

Teres minor - medial side
Teres major - base
Triceps long head - lateral side

28
Q

What are the borders of the Quadrangular space? 22

A

lateral border of scapula - superior border
Teres major - inferior border
Triceps long head - medial side/border
surgical neck of humerus - lateral side/border

29
Q

What are the borders of the Triangular Hiatus? 22

A

Teres major - medial side

Triceps lateral head - lateral side

30
Q

Where does the Serratus anterior m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action?

A

Deep Extrinsic Muscle

O –>lat. surface, ribs 1-9

I –> medial border of scapula

N –> long thoracic nerve (C5 - C7)

Action: UP
Upward rotation of scapula (most important)
Protracts scapula

31
Q

Where does the Deltoid m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action?

A

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscle

Origin: SAL
Spine of scapula
Acromion
Lateral third of clavicle

I –> deltoid tuberosity of humerus

N –> axillary nerve (C5-C6)

Action: FEMAL
Flex arm
Extend Arm
Medially rotate arm
Abduct Arm
Lateral rotate arm
32
Q

Where does the Supraspinatus m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action?

A

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscle

O –> supraspinatus fossa

I –> superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

N –> Suprascapular nerve (C5 - C6)

A –> arm abduction

33
Q

Where does the Infraspinatus m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action?

A

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscle

O –> infraspinatus fossa

I –> middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

N –> Suprascapular n.

A –> Lateral rotation of arm

34
Q

Where does the Teres minor m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action?

A

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscle

O –> lateral border of scapula

I –> inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

N –> axillary nerve

Actions:
Lateral rotation of arm (primary action)
Weak adductor of the arm

35
Q

Where does the Teres major m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action?

A

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscle

O–> lateral border of scapula.

I –> lesser tubercle of the humerus

N –> subscapular nerve (C5 - C6)

Actions: MAE
Medial rotation of arm
Adduction of arm
Extension of arm

36
Q

Where does the Subscapularis m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action?

A

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscle

O –> costal surface of scapula

I –> lesser tubercle of humerus

N –> Subscapular n.

A –> medial rotation of arm

37
Q

What muscles are supplied by the transverse cervical artery?

A

Levator scapulae m.

trapezius m.

Rhomboid Major m.

Rhomboid Minor m.

38
Q

What muscles are supplied by the suprascapular artery?

A

supraspinatus m.

Infraspinatus m.

39
Q

What muscles are supplied by the thoracodorsal artery?

A

Subscapularis m.

Teres Major m.

Latissimus dorsi m.

Serratus anterior m.

40
Q

What muscles are supplied by the posterior humeral circumflex artery?

A

deltoid m.

MSK - Final (23 decks)

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