1. Respiratory System Chp 19 (exam 1)

Question 0

Ventilation

Answer 0

Movement of air in/out of the lungs

Question 1

Functions of respiratory system

Answer 1

Supplies oxygen to cells and removes co2 to produce ATP

Question 2

External

Answer 2

Exchange of gases between the air and blood (needs to get to the blood from the lungs)

Question 3

Internal

Answer 3

Exchange of gases between blood and cells

Question 4

Cellular

Answer 4

The use of oxygen by cells to produce ATP and release co2

Question 5

Turbinates

Answer 5

Concha lined with pseudo stratified columnar epithelium

Question 6

Functions of nasal cavity

Answer 6

Filters air
Air passageway into body
Warms and moistens air
Chemoreceptors for smell

Question 7

Larynx structures

Answer 7

Thyroid cartilage
Vocal cords
Glottis
Epiglottis 
Cricoid

Question 8

Thyroid cartilage

Answer 8

In male it’s the Adam’s apple

Question 9

Vocal cords

Answer 9

Muscle and elastic fibers that vibrate to cause sounds

Upper is false
Lower is true

Question 10

Glottis

Answer 10

Opening between vocal cords; closes with swallowing to prevent aspiration

Question 11

Epiglottis

Answer 11

Flap like structure that prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing

Question 12

Cricoid

Answer 12

Lowest

Question 13

Smoking

Answer 13

It slows and causes paralysis destroys cili
Causes excess mucous
Causes chronic bronchitis
Coughs 
Cancer

Question 14

Functions of larynx

Answer 14

Passageway for air
Prevents food from entering air trachea
Houses vocal cords

Question 15

Trachea

Answer 15

Lined with ciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelium

Question 16

Functions of trachea

Answer 16

Air passageway from larynx to bronchi

Traps particles and move particles to pharynx

Question 17

Bronchial tree

Answer 17

Branched airways from trachea

Question 18

Functions of bronchial tree as a whole

Answer 18

Air passageway from trachea to lungs

Traps particles and moves particles to trachea

Question 19

Rales

Answer 19

Explosive opening of small collapsed airways and alveoli

Question 20

Ronchi

Answer 20

Course rattle excessive secretions of mucous in bronchi

Question 21

Lungs

Answer 21

Soft spongy, cone shaped organs

Question 22

Right side lung

Answer 22

Has 3 lobes

Question 23

Left side of lung

Answer 23

Has 2 lobes

Question 24

What are each lung suspended by?

Answer 24

By primary bronchus and blood vessels

Question 25

Where do these tubes enter through?

Answer 25

The region as the hi-lum

Question 26

Diaphragm contracts

Answer 26

Via the phrenic nerve. Pulls down on visceral organs and the intra-alveolar pressure drops 2mm Hg

Question 27

Surfactant

Answer 27

The moist inner surface of the alveoli is cohesive (produces surface tension)

Question 28

Compliance (distensibility)

Answer 28

Lung expansion ability

Question 29

Elastic recoil

Answer 29

Breathe out

Question 30

Total lung capacity

Answer 30

6 liters

Question 31

Tidal volume

Answer 31

Air entering/leaving (normal in and out breathing)

Question 32

Resting tidal volume

Answer 32

Normal breathing inhalation 500mL

Question 33

Vital capacity

Answer 33

Maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after taking the deepest breath possible

Question 34

Residual volume

Answer 34

Air that remains in the lungs after complete exhalation

Question 35

Physiologic dead space

Answer 35

Anatomic dead space + alveolar dead space

Question 36

Minute ventilation

Answer 36

Tidal volume X breathing rate

Question 37

Non respiratory movements

Answer 37

``` Cough Hiccup Sneeze Yawning Laughing Speech ```

Question 38

Pons and medulla

Answer 38

Controls respiratory center

Question 39

Ventral respiratory group

Answer 39

Impulses to diaphragm/inspiratory muscles for basic rhythm

Question 40

Dorsal respiratory group

Answer 40

Assist in deep breathing by increasing inspiratory movement

Question 41

Pontine respiratory group

Answer 41

Send impulses to the MRA to increase rate of breathing or slow it

Question 42

Inflation reflex (hering- Breuer)

Answer 42

Stretch receptors in alveoli and bronchioles via vagus to PRG to shorten inspiratory movement

Question 43

Alveolar gas exchange

Answer 43

Occurs between the alveolus and capillaries thru the respiratory membrane via diffusion

Question 44

Alveolar cells

Answer 44

Type 1 | Type 2

Question 45

Type 2

Answer 45

Creates surfactant

Question 46

Alveolar pores

Answer 46

Helps with distribution of gases

Question 47

Alveolar macrophages

Answer 47

Protests lungs, die by being swept by mucous

Question 48

Respiratory movement

Answer 48

O2 and co2 diffuse through

Question 49

Oxygen

Answer 49

98% is carried in the blood combined with hemoglobin | 2% is absorbed through the skin

Question 50

Carbon dioxide

Answer 50

Metabolic waste from ATP production

Question 51

Carries for carbon dioxide

Answer 51

loosely bound to hemoglobin Dissolved in the plasma Formation of bicarbonate (most common)

Question 52

Movement of co2 and o2

Answer 52

Body makes bi-carb. Chemical reaction is reversed in lungs. Co2 is released, o2 is brought in