1- Poultry post-mortem

Question 1

Define Ascites

Answer 1

is an accumulation of non-inflammatory fluid in one or more of the abdominal spaces. There may be clots of yellow material in the fluid.

Question 2

Define cellulitis

Answer 2

is a relatively recently recognized pathological condition of broilers, characterized by discoloration and thickening of the skin and inflammation of the subcutaneous tissues.

Question 3

Define hepatitis

Answer 3

Gross lesions include a swollen liver containing multiple pale or hemorrhagic foci and hydropericardium.

Question 4

What is a poultry trigger 1 procedure mean

Answer 4

A trigger report is generated if the level of a post-mortem condition is exceptionally high - a high amount of rejections due to one thing

Question 5

What is a poultry trigger 2 procedure mean

Answer 5

A trigger report is generated if the Cumulative Daily Mortality Rate is unusually high (defined as greater than 3 standard deviations above the average = 7.37%) and, additionally, the level of three or more other post-mortem conditions is high.

Question 6

When is PM inspection occur in poultry

Answer 6

After defeathering (whole carcass)
After evisceration (carcass and offal)

Question 7

What is the OV responsible for in poultry PM

Answer 7

Daily inspection of the viscera and the body cavities of a representative sample
detailed inspection of a random sample of birds declared unfit for human-consumption
Any further investigations

Question 8

What are the PM conditions that are monitored in poultry

Answer 8

Ascites/Oedema
Cellulitis and dermatits
DOA
Emaciation
Joint lesions/ arthritis
Septicaemia/ respiratory
Total rejections
If these conditions are above a set percentage (threshold) it will trigger an action from APHA.

Question 9

List some influencing factors of Foot pad dermatitis

Answer 9

Litter type and quality
Water drinker type
Bird age - older bird produces more faeces, resulting in wet litter and more FPD
Ventilation and drinker management
Feed source and quality
breed used
enteric disease

Question 10

Describe a score 1 foot pad dermatis in poultry

Answer 10

mild lesion (significant but restricted

Question 11

Describe score 2 FPD in poultry

Answer 11

Severe lesion- extended and severe

Question 12

List some reasons for partial rejection in poultry

Answer 12

Localised contamination
localised mechanical damage
a condition where only part of the carcase or single organ is affected
resolved sub-acute Pericarditis

Question 13

List 2 reasons for total rejection of poultry carcases

Answer 13

No ante-mortem or production report/FCI is available.
In case of disease.
In presence of gross contamination where trimming is impracticable

Question 14

If Airsacculitis is seen PM in poultry what happens

Answer 14

Total rejection - acute lesions, when associated with further conditions
Partial rejection- chronic lesion when affected parts are removed completely

Question 15

Describe AirSacculitis

Answer 15

Inflammation of the air-sacs in poultry frequently accompanied with the presence of yellowish caseous exudates in the air sacs and often accompanied by peritonitis and/or perihepatitis

Question 16

What happens if ascites/ oedema present PM

Answer 16

Total rejection of carcase and offal

Question 17

What happens if cellulitis is seen PM

Answer 17

Partial- if localised and dry, systemic effects not observed, trimming of area is carried out correctly
Total- if wet form, not clearly localised, accompanied with systemic effects

Question 18

What happens if contamination seen PM

Answer 18

Partial- is localised, FBO wash immediately or trim contamination
Total- if generalised or no immediate corrective action has been taken

Question 19

List 2 reasons why contamination can occur during poultry slaughter

Answer 19

If not fasted for long enough prior to slaughter
Evisceration machinery not adjusted for the correct size of birds
Carcase falling to the floor

Question 20

List some ways thermal stress can be reduced in birds in lairage

Answer 20

FBO should try to alleivate this
reduce stocking density- t increase airflow
removing lorry covers
transport at cooler times of the day
provision of protection from direct sunlight
provision of airflow

Question 21

What happens if dermatitis seen at PM in poultry

Answer 21

Total- if generalised
Partial- if localised

Question 22

What happens if emaciation seen at PM in poultry

Answer 22

Total rejection of carcass and offal

Question 23

What happens if hepatitis seen at PM in poultry

Answer 23

Partial- if only the liver is affected no signs of further conditions
Total rejection- secondary conditions

Question 24

Describe hepatitis

Answer 24

Enlarged, round edged, smooth surface often with necrotic foci or a reticular pattern apparent
Colour may vary from cherry red to pale brown/bronze colour

Question 25

What happens if hock joint lesions present on PM in poultry

Answer 25

If no signs of systemic infection, affected parts can be trimmed at the next healthy joint as rest of carcase pass as fit

Question 26

What happens if pericarditis is present on PM in poultry

Answer 26

Partial rejection unless associated with secondary conditions or salmonella test results are positive

Question 27

What happens if peritonitis/ perihepatitis present PM in poultry

Answer 27

Total condemnation of carcass and offal

Question 28

Define perihepatitis

Answer 28

inflammation of the liver capsule

Question 29

What happens if septicaemia seen PM

Answer 29

total rejection of carcass and offal

Question 30

What happens if tumours seen at PM in poultry

Answer 30

Partial rejection- when localised and enclosed in capsule
Total rejection if not