1- Poultry post-mortem Flashcards
Define Ascites
is an accumulation of non-inflammatory fluid in one or more of the abdominal spaces. There may be clots of yellow material in the fluid.
Define cellulitis
is a relatively recently recognized pathological condition of broilers, characterized by discoloration and thickening of the skin and inflammation of the subcutaneous tissues.
Define hepatitis
Gross lesions include a swollen liver containing multiple pale or hemorrhagic foci and hydropericardium.
What is a poultry trigger 1 procedure mean
A trigger report is generated if the level of a post-mortem condition is exceptionally high - a high amount of rejections due to one thing
What is a poultry trigger 2 procedure mean
A trigger report is generated if the Cumulative Daily Mortality Rate is unusually high (defined as greater than 3 standard deviations above the average = 7.37%) and, additionally, the level of three or more other post-mortem conditions is high.
When is PM inspection occur in poultry
After defeathering (whole carcass)
After evisceration (carcass and offal)
What is the OV responsible for in poultry PM
Daily inspection of the viscera and the body cavities of a representative sample
detailed inspection of a random sample of birds declared unfit for human-consumption
Any further investigations
What are the PM conditions that are monitored in poultry
Ascites/Oedema
Cellulitis and dermatits
DOA
Emaciation
Joint lesions/ arthritis
Septicaemia/ respiratory
Total rejections
If these conditions are above a set percentage (threshold) it will trigger an action from APHA.
List some influencing factors of Foot pad dermatitis
Litter type and quality
Water drinker type
Bird age - older bird produces more faeces, resulting in wet litter and more FPD
Ventilation and drinker management
Feed source and quality
breed used
enteric disease
Describe a score 1 foot pad dermatis in poultry
mild lesion (significant but restricted
Describe score 2 FPD in poultry
Severe lesion- extended and severe
List some reasons for partial rejection in poultry
Localised contamination
localised mechanical damage
a condition where only part of the carcase or single organ is affected
resolved sub-acute Pericarditis
List 2 reasons for total rejection of poultry carcases
No ante-mortem or production report/FCI is available.
In case of disease.
In presence of gross contamination where trimming is impracticable
If Airsacculitis is seen PM in poultry what happens
Total rejection - acute lesions, when associated with further conditions
Partial rejection- chronic lesion when affected parts are removed completely
Describe AirSacculitis
Inflammation of the air-sacs in poultry frequently accompanied with the presence of yellowish caseous exudates in the air sacs and often accompanied by peritonitis and/or perihepatitis
What happens if ascites/ oedema present PM
Total rejection of carcase and offal
What happens if cellulitis is seen PM
Partial- if localised and dry, systemic effects not observed, trimming of area is carried out correctly
Total- if wet form, not clearly localised, accompanied with systemic effects
What happens if contamination seen PM
Partial- is localised, FBO wash immediately or trim contamination
Total- if generalised or no immediate corrective action has been taken
List 2 reasons why contamination can occur during poultry slaughter
If not fasted for long enough prior to slaughter
Evisceration machinery not adjusted for the correct size of birds
Carcase falling to the floor
List some ways thermal stress can be reduced in birds in lairage
FBO should try to alleivate this
reduce stocking density- t increase airflow
removing lorry covers
transport at cooler times of the day
provision of protection from direct sunlight
provision of airflow
What happens if dermatitis seen at PM in poultry
Total- if generalised
Partial- if localised
What happens if emaciation seen at PM in poultry
Total rejection of carcass and offal
What happens if hepatitis seen at PM in poultry
Partial- if only the liver is affected no signs of further conditions
Total rejection- secondary conditions
Describe hepatitis
Enlarged, round edged, smooth surface often with necrotic foci or a reticular pattern apparent
Colour may vary from cherry red to pale brown/bronze colour
What happens if hock joint lesions present on PM in poultry
If no signs of systemic infection, affected parts can be trimmed at the next healthy joint as rest of carcase pass as fit
What happens if pericarditis is present on PM in poultry
Partial rejection unless associated with secondary conditions or salmonella test results are positive
What happens if peritonitis/ perihepatitis present PM in poultry
Total condemnation of carcass and offal
Define perihepatitis
inflammation of the liver capsule
What happens if septicaemia seen PM
total rejection of carcass and offal
What happens if tumours seen at PM in poultry
Partial rejection- when localised and enclosed in capsule
Total rejection if not
