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BACTERIOLOGY > 1- GRAM POSITIVE COCCI (CATALASE NEGATIVE) > Flashcards

1- GRAM POSITIVE COCCI (CATALASE NEGATIVE) Flashcards

1
Q

Gram positive cocci in CHAIN

A

Streptococci

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2
Q

based on their specific hemolytic activity

A

smith and brown classification

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3
Q

based on the antigenic characteristic of the C carbohydrate on the cell wall

A

Lancefield classification

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4
Q

alpha hemolytic organism

A

viridians streptococci & s. pneumonia

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5
Q

Beta-hemolytic organism

A

S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae

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6
Q

Gamma-hemolytic

A

Enterococci

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7
Q

Group A strep

A

S. pyogenes

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8
Q

Group B strep

A

S. agalactiae

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9
Q

Group D strep

A

Enterococcus

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10
Q

-not considered a normal microbiota
-inhibits the skin and upper respiratory tract of humans
-causes pharyngitis, erysipelas, scarlet fever, and necrotizing fascitis

A

Group A Streptococcus Pyogenes

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11
Q

oxygen-stable, nonimmunogenic hemolysin capable of lysing RBCs, WBCs, and platelets, will produce hemolysis in the presence of room air
-causes surface hemolysis on BAP

A

Streptolysin S

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12
Q

oxygen- labile, immunogenic hemolysin capable of lysing same cells and cultured cells, will produce hemolysis in the absence of room air
-causes sub-surface hemolysis on BAP

A

Streptolysin O

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13
Q

major virulence factor; antiphagocytic

A

M protein

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14
Q

associate with rheumatic fever

A

Class I M protein

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15
Q

associate with glomerulonephritis

A

Class II M protein

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16
Q

spreading factor

A

Hyalunoridase

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17
Q

promotes fibrinolysis

A

Streptokinase

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18
Q

mediates epithelial cell attachment

A

Protein F

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19
Q

reagent of PYR hydrolysis test

A

P-dimethylaminocinamaldehyde

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20
Q

skin test for confirmation of scarlet fever

A

Dicks’s test

21
Q

detects antibodies to the streptolysin O enzyme produced by group A streptococcus , which is able to lyse RBCs

A

Antistreptolysin O (ASO) test:

22
Q

the most diagnostically important antibodies

A

anti-ASO, anti-DNAse B, anti-hyaluronidase

23
Q

drug of choice for S. pyogenes

A

Penicillin, Erythromycin

24
Q

normal flora of the nasopharynx and oropharynx
-lancet-shaped or bullet shaped diplococci

A

S. pneumonia

25
Q

primary cause of bacterial pneumonia, meningitis and otitis media

A

streptococcus pneumonia

26
Q

major virulent factor; antiphagocytic in streptococcus pneumonia

A

Capsule

27
Q

only capsulated streptococcus

A

Strep Pneumoniae

28
Q

-activates the classical component pathway
-mediates suppression of the oxidative burst in phagocyte

A

Pneumolysin

29
Q

binds receptors for platelet-activating factor

A

phosphorylcholine

30
Q

young colonies of streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Dome-shaped (umbonate)

31
Q

aged colonies of streptococcus

A

crater like, resembles a doughnut (umbilicate)

32
Q

confirmatory and is based on the ability of bile salts to induced lysis of S. pneumoniae

A

Bile solubility

33
Q

reagent of bile solubility test `

A

10% sodium desoxycholate

34
Q

taxo P or ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride

A

Optochin disk test

35
Q

skin test for pneumoniae

A

Francis test

36
Q

normal flora of the GIT, pharynx and vaginal tract
-usually associated with neonates, and are acquired before or during the birthing process

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

37
Q

contain antimicrobials which suppresses the growth of GBS

A

Todd- Hewitt Broth

38
Q

Reagent for Hippurate Hydrolysis test

A

Ninhydrin reagent

positive: purple

39
Q

-detects the production of a diffusible, extracellular protein that enhances the hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes by S. aureus
-Christie, Atkins, Munch, Peterson

A

CAMP test

40
Q

positive result for camp test:

A

arrow head zone of hemolysis

41
Q

negative result for camp test

A

no enhanced hemolysis

42
Q

two subgroups of Group D streptococci

A

Enterococci & Non-enterococci

43
Q

vancomycin-resistant
-grows well at 40% bile or 6.5% NaCl

A

enterococcus (E. faecalis & E. faecium)

44
Q

grow well in 40% bile but inhibited with 6.5% NaCl
-remarkable association with colon cancer

A

Non-enterococcus (S. bovis, S. equinus)

45
Q

based on the ability of the organisms to hydrolyzed esculin in the presence of 40% bile

A

Bile esculin test

46
Q

positive result of bile esculin test

A

blackening of media (enterococci & non-enterococci)

47
Q

normal microbiota of the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract
-smells like butterscotch on CA

A

Viridians Streptococci / milleri strep complex, microaerophilic strep

48
Q

viridians streptococci causes three main types of infection

A

Dental infection
Endocarditis
Abscess

BACTERIOLOGY (18 decks)

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