1: Clinical Considerations

Question 1

What is Diplopia?

Answer 1

Double vision

Problem: subjective, hard to objectively demonstrate

Question 2

What is ptosis?

Answer 2

Eyelid droops due to weakness of the lavatory palpebrae superioris
Oculomotor nerve lesions may be the cause

Question 3

What is strabismus?

Answer 3

Internal: eyes cross (converge)
External: eyes point outwards (diverge)

Question 4

What are possible occulomotor paralysis etiologies?

Answer 4

Uncal herniation
PCA aneurysms
Diabetes

Question 5

Occulomotor paralysis, external ophthalmoplegia symptoms?

Answer 5

External strabismus: affected eye deviates down and out
Diplopia
Ptosis

Question 6

Occulomotor paralysis, internal ophthalmoplegia?

Answer 6

Inability to constrict pupil as well as loss of light and accommodation reflexes

Question 7

What are the S&S of trochlear paralysis?

Answer 7

Internal strabismus: can’t look down, difficultly descending stairs

Question 8

What is the rarest clinical paralysis?

Answer 8

Trochlear paralysis

Question 9

What is the most common clinical eye paralysis?

Answer 9

Adbucens paralysis

Question 10

What is the clinical sign of abducens paralysis?

Answer 10

Internal strabismus

Question 11

What does internuclear ophthalmoplegia involve?

Answer 11

Damage to MLF

Question 12

What is the clinical sign for internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Answer 12

Nystagmus when abducting the eye during lateral gaze

Seen during eye tracking