06b: Leg, Ankle, Foot Flashcards
The formal name(s) of the ankle joint(s):
Talocrural
Which bones articulate at talocrural joint?
Tibia, fibula, and talus
The (X)-sided configuration of the talocrural joint is referred to as (Y) and is crucial for (Z).
X = 3 Y = mortise Z = stability
T/F: The mortise of the ankle is crucial for stability, so it’s fairly static.
False - it’s dynamic
There’s a change in size of the ankle mortise during (X) actions because:
X = Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion
Talus is wider anteriorly
Superior tibiofibular joint is what type of joint?
Plane (synovial)
Inferior tibiofibular joint is what type of joint?
Syndesmosis (fibrous)
A trimalleolar fracture involves which structure(s)?
- Lateral and medial malleoli
2. “Posterior malleolus” (distal posterior tibia)
List the lateral ankle ligaments. Star the weakest and double-star the strongest.
- Anterior* and posterior** talofibular
2. Calcaneofibular
List the medial ankle ligaments.
Deltoid ligament (contains the following fibers):
- Anterior and posterior tibiotalar
- Tibionavicular
- Tibiocalcaneal
The (X) fibers of (Y) ligament attach to tibia and (Z) of calcaneus
X = tibiocalcaneal
Y - deltoid
Z = sustentaculum tali
In general, (medial/lateral) ankle ligaments are stronger and less prone to injury.
Medial
There are (X) articulations in the (Y) joint, between calcaneus and talus. List/describe locations of the articular surfaces.
X = 3 Y = subtalar
Anterior, Posterior, Middle talar articular surfaces (on calcaneus)
Interosseous (X) ligaments, located in (articular/non-articular) (Y), bind the talus and calcaneus.
X = talocalcaneal
Non-articular;
Y = sinus tarsi
(X) joint is very important in absorbing rotational loads imposed by proximal lower limb.
X = subtalar
List the transverse tarsal joints.
- Talonavicular
2. Calcaneocuboid
(X) joints are very important in compensatory movements that allow forefoot to remain on ground when hind foot is supinated/pronated.
X = transverse tarsal, intertarsal, tarsometatarsal, intermetatarsal
Intertarsal joints are what type of joint? What motions?
Plane; gliding
Tarsometatarsal joints are what type of joint? What motions?
Plane; gliding
MTP joints are what type of joint? What motions?
Condyloid; F/E and Abd/add
Interphalangeal joints in foot are what type of joint? What motions?
Hinge; F/E
List compartments of the leg.
Anterior, posterior (superficial and deep), lateral
(X) compartment of leg divided into superficial and deep by (Y).
X = posterior Y = transverse intermuscular septum
Nerve and blood supply to anterior compartment of leg.
Nerve: Deep peroneal nerve
Blood: Anterior tibial artery
Nerve and blood supply to lateral compartment of leg.
Nerve: Superficial peroneal nerve
Blood: Peroneal artery
Nerve and blood supply to superficial posterior compartment of leg.
Nerve: Tibial nerve
Artery: Posterior tibial artery
Nerve and blood supply to deep posterior compartment of leg.
Nerve: Tibial nerve
Artery: Posterior tibial artery (and a bit from peroneal artery)
List muscles in superficial posterior compartment of leg.
- Gastrocnemius
- Soleus
- Plantaris
One would have more passive dorsiflexion with a (flexed/extended) knee.
Flexed
List muscles in deep posterior compartment of leg.
- Tibialis posterior
- FDL
- Flexus hallicus longus
- Popliteus