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Body Structures B&L > 05c: Thigh > Flashcards

05c: Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Deep fascia of thigh is formally called:

A

Fascia lata

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2
Q

Deep fascia of leg is formally called:v

A

Crural fascia

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3
Q

(Nerves/arteries/veins) can be found in superficial fascia of the lower extremities.

A

Nerves and veins

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4
Q

(X) vein travels up medial leg and enters (Y), where it empties into (Z).

A 
X = great saphenous
Y = saphenous opening
Z = femoral vein
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5
Q

(X) vein travels up lateral leg and enters (Y), where it empties into (Z).

A 
X = small saphenous
Y = popliteal fossa
Z = popliteal vein
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6
Q

Varicose veins are a result of:

A

Blood collection in veins due to weakened valves

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7
Q

Varicose veins are (superficial/deep) veins.

A

Superficial

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8
Q

Intermuscular septa is continuous with (X). What are its key functions?

A

X = deep fascia

  1. Separates thigh compartments
  2. Limits outward expansion of contracting muscles
  3. Faciliates return of venous blood
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9
Q

What’s compartment syndrome?

A

Pressure increases in compartment, compressing cappilaries (leading to necrosis)

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10
Q

Fasciotomy is a procedure for (X) in which (Y) occurs.

A 
X = compartment syndrome
Y = skin and fascia cut (to release pressure)
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11
Q

The strongest hip flexor:

A

Iliospoas (iliacus and psoas major)

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12
Q

Iliacus and psoas major have the same (origin/insertion).

A

Insertion

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13
Q

The only muscle(s) in anterior thigh not innervated by (X) is/are (Y). Why?

A 
X = femoral nerve
Y = psoas major

Femoral nerve formed within belly of psoas major

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14
Q

Iliopsoas pass (superficial/deep) to inguinal ligament.

A

Deep

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15
Q

List the “quad femoris” muscle group.

A
  1. Rectus femoris

2. Vastus medialis, lateralis, intermedius

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16
Q

T/F: In anterior thigh, only muscle that acts on hip is iliopsoas.

A

False - rectus femoris and sartorius as well

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17
Q

Articularis genu is located (superficial/deep) to (X) muscle and functions to:

A

Deep;
X = vastus intermedius

Prevents synovial membrane from extending under patella

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18
Q

Which muscles attach on pes anserinus?

A
  1. Sartorius
  2. Gracilis
  3. Semitendinosus
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19
Q

Where exactly is pes anserinus?

A

Medial tibia

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20
Q

Femoral nerve, with SC roots (X), enters lower extremity by passing (superficial/deep) to inguinal ligament.

A

X = L2-4

Deep

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21
Q

Saphenous nerve, a branch of (X), is cutaneous supply to:

A

X = (largest cutaneous branch of) femoral nerve

Medial leg and foot

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22
Q

(X) muscle(s) in medial thigh is/are innervated by two nerves, (Y).

A 
X = pectineus
Y = obturator and femoral
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23
Q

Most medial thigh muscles share which action? List any exceptions.

A

Adduction; obturator externus

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24
Q

Which muscle is largest in medial compartment?

A

Adductur portion of adductor magnus

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25
Q

Obturator nerve, with SC roots (X), enters lower extremity by passing through (Y).

A 
X = L2-4
Y = obturator canal
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26
Q

Obturator nerve branches near which structure? Its (X) branches descend in close proximity to which structure?

A

Just inferior to obturator foramen;
X = anterior and posterior
On either side of adductor brevis muscle

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27
Q

T/F: Obturator nerve has cutaneous branch.

A

True

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28
Q

Cutaneous supply to medial thigh via (X) nerve.

A

X = obturator

29
Q

(Most/all) posterior thigh muscles innervated by (X) nerve. List any exceptions.

A

Most;
X = tibial

Except short head of biceps femoris (common fibular nerve)

30
Q

(Most/all) posterior thigh muscles originate on (X). List any exceptions.

A

Most;
X = ischial tuberosity

Except short head biceps femoris

31
Q

All posterior thigh muscles have which common action?

A

Knee flexion

32
Q

Which, if any, posterior thigh muscles act on hip? What’s the respective action(s)?

A
  1. Semitendinosus
  2. Semimembranosus
  3. Long head biceps femoris

All extend hip

33
Q

List posterior hip muscles and star those that insert on tibia.

A
  1. Semitendinosus*
  2. Semimembranosus*
  3. Long head and short head biceps femoris (fibula)
34
Q

Sciatic nerve has which SC roots?

A

L4-S3

35
Q

Cutaneous innervation to posterior thigh from (X) nerve.

A

X = Posterior femoral cutaneous

36
Q

Cutaneous innervation to skin over popliteal fossa from (X) nerve.

A

X = posterior femoral cutaneous

37
Q

Medial sural nerve comes from (X) nerve and innervates:

A

X = tibial nerve

Cutaneous to leg over lateral head of gastrocnemius

38
Q

Lateral sural nerve comes from (X) nerve and innervates:

A

X = common fibular nerve

Cutaneous to area just lateral of popliteal fossa

39
Q

Superior border of femoral triangle.

A

Inguinal ligament

40
Q

Lateral border of femoral triangle.

A

Sartorius

41
Q

Medial border of femoral triangle.

A

Adductor longus

42
Q

Floor of femoral triangle.

A

Iliopsoas and pectineus

43
Q

Roof of femoral triangle.

A

Fascia, subQ tissue, skin

44
Q

Contents of fem triangle, from lateral to medial. Star those that travel together in femoral (X).

A

X = sheath

  1. Femoral Nerve
  2. Femoral Artery*
  3. Femoral Vein*
  4. Empty space*
  5. Lymphatics*
45
Q

The femoral sheath is divided into which compartments?

A
  1. Lateral
  2. Intermediate
  3. Medial
46
Q

Lateral compartment of femoral sheath contains:

A

Femoral artery

47
Q

(X) compartment of femoral sheath forms femoral ring and femoral (Y), which includes (Z).

A 
X = medial
Y = canal
Z = Empty space, lymphatics (deep inguinal lymph node)
48
Q

The femoral (X), a proximal potential opening to femoral canal, is closed by (Y).

A 
X = ring
Y = femoral septum
49
Q

Intermediate compartment of femoral sheath contains:

A

Femoral vein

50
Q

The (X) vein travels through (Y) opening to reach/empty into the femoral vein.

A 
X = great saphenous
Y = saphenous
51
Q

Femoral hernia: Disruption of (X) allows (Y) to pass through (Z).

A 
X = femoral septum
Y = visceral contents
Z = femoral canal and saphenous opening (into superior thigh)
52
Q

Femoral artery gives rise to (X), its largest branch, near which landmark?

A

X = Profunda femoris

Within femoral triangle

53
Q

List branches off profunda femoris.

A
  1. Lateral circumflex femoral
  2. Medial circumflex femoral
  3. Perforating arteries (4)
54
Q

Perforating arteries off of profunda femoris supply:

A

Muscles in all 3 thigh compartments

55
Q

List terminal branches of lateral circumflex femoral artery, which stems from (X).

A

X = profunda femoris

  1. Ascending
  2. Transverse
  3. Descending
56
Q

Profunda femoris route: (X) branches of (Y) arteries supply the femoral head and neck. Star the major blood supply to femoral head.

A 
X = retinacular
Y = ascending branches of medial(*) and lateral circumflex femoral arteries
57
Q

List terminal branches of medial circumflex femoral artery, which stems from (X).

A

X = profunda femoris

  1. Ascending
  2. Transverse
58
Q

Descending branch of (medial/lateral) circumflex femoral artery contributes to:

A

Lateral;

Genicular anastamosis

59
Q

Medial circumflex femoral artery travels (on/between/under) which structures?

A

Between;

Iliopsoas and pectineus

60
Q

Which perforating arteries from profunda femoris contribute to anastamoses?

A
  1. First (to cruciate anastamosis)

2. Fourth (anastamosis with popliteal fossa)

61
Q

The purpose of cruciate anastamosis is:

A

Communication between branches of external and internal iliac arteries; provides alternate routes to popliteal fossa/leg

62
Q

Cruciate anastamosis formed by:

A
  1. Inferior gluteal artery
  2. Medial and lateral circumflex femoral (transverse branches)
  3. First perforating artery off profunda femoris
63
Q

The adductor canal extends from (X) to (Y). What’s its purpose?

A 
X = apex of femoral triangle
Y = adductor hiatus

Provides inter muscular passage for neurovascular structures

64
Q

Which specific structures pass through adductor canal?

A
  1. Femoral artery and vein
  2. Saphenous nerve
  3. Nerve to vastus medialis
65
Q

Nerve to vastus medialis is a branch of:

A

Femoral nerve

66
Q

Upon passing through adductor hiatus and reaching (X), (Y) go/goes through name change to (Z).

A 
X = popliteal fossa
Y = femoral artery and vein
Z = popliteal artery and vein
67
Q

T/F: All blood supply to femoral head come from profunda femoris.

A

False

68
Q

Artery of head of femur is branch off (X), which is a branch off (Y).

A 
X = acetabular artery
Y = posterior branch of obturator artery
69
Q

Obturator artery gives off (X) branches that anastamose with (Y).

A 
X = anterior and posterior 
Y = each other

Body Structures B&L (14 decks)

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