04b: Forearm and Wrist Flashcards
At the (X) landmark, the brachial artery divides into:
X = elbow
Radial and ulnar arteries
The (X) interosseous arteries come off the (Y) artery at which landmark?
X = anterior and posterior Y = ulnar
Elbow (just distal to elbow joint)
As the ulnar artery continues into the hand, it becomes main supply to (X), which branches into (Y), which branches into (Z).
X = superficial palmar arch Y = common digital arteries Z = proper digital arteries
As the radial artery continues into the hand, it becomes main supply to (X), which branches into (Y), which branches into (Z).
X = deep palmar arch Y = palmar metacarpal arteries, princeps pollicis artery, radialis indicis
No further branching
The “Allen Test for (X)” examines:
X = collateral circulation
Refill rate of either radial or ulnar arteries
As the (X) nerve continues down the anterior forearm, it branches into:
X = median
- Anterior interosseous nerve
- Palmar cutaneous nerve
- Recurrent median nerve
As the (X) nerve continues down the posterior forearm, it branches into:
X = radial
- Deep radial nerve
- Superficial sensory nerve
The anterior interosseous nerve, a branch of (X), passes (medial/lateral/superficial/deep) to which muscle?
X = median
Deep to pronator quadratus
Which muscles are supplied by anterior interosseous nerve?
- Radial part of FDP
- FPL
- Pronator quadratus
T/F: Palmar cutaneous nerve does not pass through the carpal tunnel.
True
What’s the function of the recurrent branch of median nerve?
Motor to intrinsic thumb muscles
When does the radial nerve branch?
In cubital fossa
Which muscles supplied by deep radial nerve?
- Supinator
2. Extensor carpi radialis brevis
After piercing supinator, (X) is referred to as (Y).
X = deep radial nerve Y = posterior interosseous nerve
Cutaneous innervation over delt area supplied by:
Upper lateral brachial cutaneous nerve
Biceps reflex testing asses which (nerves/segments)?
C5-C6 SC segments
Falling on outstretched hand typically results in (X) fracture of (Y) bone. In which direction is the bone displaced?
X = Colles' Y = radius (distal)
Displaced dorsally
Falling on dorsum of hand (with flexed wrist) results in (X) fracture of (Y) bone. In which direction is the bone displaced?
X = Smith Y = radius (distal)
Palmar displacement
Radiocarpal joints are what type of joints? Which motions occur at these joints?
Condyloid (synovial);
Wrist F/E and Ab/Ad
Midcarpal joints are what type of joints? Which motions occur at these joints?
Plane (synovial); Gliding between carpals
(X) is/are called “stabilizing (Y)” and prevent(s) bowstringing of (Z).
X = extensor and flexor retinacula Y = ligaments Z = tendons
Aside from the flexor and extensor retinacula, list stabilizing ligaments in hand.
Radial and ulnar collateral ligaments
T/F: Both radial and ulnar collateral ligaments exist on dorsal surface of hand.
False - Ulnar on dorsal surface, radial on palmar surface
What’s the transverse carpal ligament?
Flexor retinaculum
Guyon’s Tunnel is a canal for (X) on the (Y) surface.
X = ulnar nerve Y = palmar
T/F: Ulnar nerve doesn’t pass through carpal tunnel.
True
Guyon’s tunnel is (superficial/deep/lateral) to (X) retinaculum.
Superficial;
X = flexor
(X) forms roof of Guyon’s tunnel.
X = pisohammate ligament
Which main joints involved in wrist F/E?
Radiocarpal and midcarpal joints
T/F: We can flex wrist to greater degree than extend.
True
Which main joints involved in wrist radial/ulnar deviation?
Radiocarpal and midcarpal joints
T/F: We have greater range in radial deviation than we do in ulnar deviation.
False - ulnar deviation is greater
List the main forearm extensors of wrist.
- Extensor carpi radialis longus
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
List the main forearm flexors of wrist.
- Flexor carpi radialis
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
- Palmaris longus (opt)
ECRL, ECRB, and ECU all originate on (X)
X = lateral epicondyle of humerus
ECRL, ECRB, and ECU all insert on (X).
X = different metacarpals
Lateral epicondylitis is also called (X). Which action causes this?
X = tennis elbow
Repeated, forceful F/E of wrist
In tennis elbow, strain on (X) causes (Y) of which structure?
X = common extensor tendon
Y = inflammation of periosteum
at lateral epicondyle
FCR, FCU, and PL all originate on (X)
X = medial epicondyle of humerus
FCR, FCU, and PL all insert on (X)
X = different structures…
Dupuytren contracture involves:
contracture of palmar fascia
T/F: ECRB assists in radial deviation of wrist.
False
As musculocutaneous nerve enters forearm, it becomes:
Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve
Median nerve in (ant/post) forearm passes (on/under/between) which muscle(s)?
Anterior;
Between the two heads of pronator teres
