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Body Structures B&L > 05b: Hip and Gluteal > Flashcards

05b: Hip and Gluteal Flashcards

1
Q

Internal iliac artery, a branch of (X), branches into:

A

X = common iliac artery

  1. Superior gluteal artery
  2. Inferior gluteal artery
  3. Obturator artery
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2
Q

External iliac artery, a branch of (X), branches into:

A

X = common iliac artery

Doesn’t branch

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3
Q

(Internal/external) iliac artery changes name to (X) at which landmark?

A

External;
X = Femoral artery
After passing inguinal ligament

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4
Q

(Superficial/deep) veins are more effective at propelling blood upward.

A

Deep

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5
Q

(X) shunt blood from (superficial/deep) veins to (superficial/deep) veins.

A

X = perforating veins

Superficial; deep

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6
Q

Describe path from superficial lymph vessels in (X) to deep inguinal lymph nodes.

A

X = medial foot, anteromedial leg, and thigh

Drain into superficial inguinal lymph node, then into deep inguinal lymph node

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7
Q

Lymphodema occurs when

A

Fluid isn’t picked up by blocked lymph vessels and accumulates in lower extremities

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8
Q

Lumbar plexus is formed within (X) muscle by (dorsal/ventral) rami of which SC roots?

A

X = psoas major
Ventral;
L1-L4

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9
Q

Sacral plexus is formed by (dorsal/ventral) rami of which SC roots?

A

Ventral;

L4-L5 and S1-S4

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10
Q

(X) is referred to the lumbosacral trunk because:

A

X = L4-5;

It’s part of the lumbar SC that contributes to the sacral plexus

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11
Q

Sciatic nerve branches from (X) plexus.

A

X = sacral

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12
Q

Superior and inferior gluteal nerves branch from (X) plexus.

A

X = sacral

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13
Q

Femoral nerve branches from (X) plexus.

A

X = lumbar

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14
Q

Obturator nerve branches from (X) plexus.

A

X = lumbar

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15
Q

List compartments of the thigh.

A

Anterior, medial, posterior

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16
Q

List compartments of the leg.

A

Anterior, lateral, posterior

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17
Q

Anterior articulation of pelvis referred to as (X) and is what type of joint?

A

X = pubic symphysis

Symphysis (cartilaginous)

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18
Q

Pubic symphysis supported by (X) ligaments.

A

X = pubic

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19
Q

Which joints support the pelvis posteriorly?

A

Sacroiliac joints

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20
Q

Sacroiliac joints are which type of joints?

A

Plane (synovial)

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21
Q

Which key joints in lower body have interlocking elevations/depressions on articular surfaces? Why?

A

Sacroiliac joints; increased stability

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22
Q

List ligaments that support sacroiliac joints.

A
  1. Sacroiliac
  2. Sacrospinous
  3. Sacrotuberous
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23
Q

Sacrospinous ligament attaches to (X) and (Y).

A 
X = sacrum
Y = ischial spine
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24
Q

The greater sciatic (X) becomes the greater sciatic (Y) due to (Z).

A 
X = notch
Y = foramen
Z = sacrospinous ligament
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25
Q

Sacrotuberous ligament attaches to (X) and (Y).

A 
X = sacrum
Y = ischial tuberosity
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26
Q

The lesser sciatic (X) becomes the lesser sciatic (Y) due to (Z).

A 
X = notch
Y = foramen
Z = Both sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
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27
Q

(Sacrospinous/sacrotuberous) ligament is more anterior.

A

Sacrospinous

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28
Q

Something wanting to travel from pelvis to lower extremity can travel through which openings?

A
  1. Greater or lesser sciatic foramen
  2. Obturator canal
  3. Deep to inguinal ligament
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29
Q

List movements at hip joint.

A
  1. F/E
  2. Abd/Add
  3. Med/Lat rotation
30
Q

In hip joint, (X) part of femur articulates with (Y).

A 
X = head
Y = acetabulum
31
Q

T/F: The entire articular surface of acetabulum is covered in hyaline cartilage.

A

False - only lunate surface

32
Q

Acetabular fossa is in (center/periphery) of acetabulum and is covered with (X).

A

Center;

X = fat

33
Q

(Superior/lateral/inferior) portion of acetabulum has (X) notch that’s closed by (Y).

A

Inferior;
X = acetabular
Y = transverse acetabular ligament

34
Q

T/F: The femoral head is coated with hyaline cartilage.

A

True

35
Q

In the center of the femoral head is:

A

Fovea and Ligamentum Teres

36
Q

Describe the composition of the hip joint articular capsule.

A
  1. Inner serous synovial membrane

2. Outer fibrous capsule

37
Q

Which vessel passes through ligamentum teres? Where did it branch from?

A

Artery of ligament of head;

Branched from acetabular branch off obturator artery

38
Q

List the ligaments of the hip joint. Star the strongest.

A
  1. Iliofemoral*
  2. Ischiofemoral
  3. Pubofemoral
39
Q

The “Y” ligament is formally termed:

A

Iliofemoral ligament

40
Q

Iliofemoral ligament attaches to (anterior/posterior/lateral/medial) femur and limits which action(s)?

A

Anterior; hyperextension

41
Q

Ischiofemoral ligament attaches to (anterior/posterior/lateral/medial) femur and limits which action(s)?

A

Anterior; hyperextension

42
Q

Pubofemoral ligament attaches to (anterior/posterior/lateral/medial) femur and limits which action(s)?

A

Lateral; abduction

43
Q

Patella tendon reflexes involve (X) SC segments and (Y) muscles.

A 
X = L3, L4
Y = quadriceps
44
Q

Calcaneal tendon reflexes involve (X) SC segments and (Y) muscles.

A 
X = S1
Y = Gastrocnemius and soleus
45
Q

The IT Band is a thickening of:

A

Deep fascia of thigh

46
Q

The (X) muscle of the gluteal region is in its own compartment.

A

X = tensor fascia latae

47
Q

(X) gluteal muscles innervated by superior gluteal nerve.

A

X = gluteus medius, gluteus minimis, tensor fascia latae

48
Q

(X) gluteal muscles innervated by inferior gluteal nerve.

A

X = gluteus maximus

49
Q

(X) and (Y) gluteal muscles both attach to ITB and (internally/externally) rotate hip.

A

X = gluteus maximus (externally rotates)

Y = tensor fascia latae (internally rotates)

50
Q

List the deep external rotators of the hip.

A
  1. Piriformis
  2. Superior and inferior gemellus
  3. Obturator internus
  4. Quadratus femoris
51
Q

Piriformis (enters/leaves) pelvis via (X) and attaches to (Y).

A

Leaves
X = greater sciatic foramen
Y = greater trochanter of femur

52
Q

In single limb stance (SLS), (X) muscle on the (weight-bearing/opposite) limb contracts. Which action does this promote/prevent?

A

X = gluteus minimis and medius;
Weight-bearing;
Prevents inferior movement of pelvis on non-weightbearing side (maintains hip abduction)

53
Q

Positive (X) test/gait: during SLS, weight-bearing hip will (Y) and non-weightbearing hip will (Z).

A 
X = Tredelenburg
Y = adduct
Z= "drop"
54
Q

Patient with “hip drop” likely has lesion/weakness in which nerve/muscles?

A

Lesion in superior gluteal nerve; weakness in gluteus medius/minimis

55
Q

Direct lateral approach for total hip arthroplasty puts which specific structure at risk?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (when gluteus medius is split/retracted)

56
Q

List gluteal muscles innervated by sciatic nerve.

A

None

57
Q

Cutaneous innervation of buttock is mainly supplied by (X).

A

X = clunial nerves

58
Q

List the clunial nerves and their origins.

A
  1. Superior (posterior rami of lumbar/sacral nerves)
  2. Medial (posterior rami of lumbar/sacral nerves)
  3. Inferior (branch from posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh)
59
Q

Which branches off internal iliac artery supply gluteal region?

A

Superior and inferior gluteal arteries

60
Q

Myotome

A

Muscles innervated by single spinal nerve root or single SC level

61
Q

Hip flexion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

A 
X = iliopsoas
Y = L2, L3
62
Q

Hip extension myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

A 
X = gluteus max, hamstrings
Y = L5, S1
63
Q

Knee extension myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

A 
X = Quads
Y = L3, L4
64
Q

Knee flexion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

A 
X = Hamstrings
Y = L5, S1
65
Q

Dorsiflexion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

A 
X = Anterior tibialis
Y = L4, L5
66
Q

Plantarflexion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

A 
X = Gastrocnemius and soleus
Y = S1
67
Q

Inversion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

A 
X = Anterior and posterior tibialis
Y = L4, L5
68
Q

Eversion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

A 
X = Fibularis longus and brevis
Y = L5, S1
69
Q

1st MTP extension myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

A 
X = Extensor hallicus longus
Y = L5
70
Q

1st MTP flexion myotome testing involves (X) muscles and (Y) SC segments.

A 
X = flexor hallicus longus
Y = S1, S2

Body Structures B&L (14 decks)

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