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Body Structures B&L > 05a: Hand > Flashcards

05a: Hand Flashcards

1
Q

How many hinge joints in hand?

A

10

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2
Q

“Boxer fracture” is:

A

fracture of fifth metacarpal

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3
Q

CMC joint in digits 2-5 is what type of joint?

A

Plane (gliding)

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4
Q

CMC joint in thumb is what type of joint?

A

Saddle

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5
Q

MCP joint in digits 2-5 is what type of joint?

A

Condyloid

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6
Q

MCP joint in thumb is what type of joint?

A

Hinge

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7
Q

PIP joint in digits 2-5 is what type of joint?

A

Hinge

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8
Q

IP joint in thumb is what type of joint?

A

Hinge

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9
Q

DIP joint in digits 2-5 is what type of joint?

A

Hinge

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10
Q

Making a tight fist involves which motion(s) at which joint(s) for digits 2-5?

A

Flexion;

MCP, PIP, DIP

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11
Q

Abduction and adduction of digits 2-5 occurs at which joint(s)?

A

MCP

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12
Q

Abd/add of thumb occurs (parallel/perpendicular) to plane of palm.

A

Perpendicular

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13
Q

Abd/add of thumb occurs at which joint(s)?

A

CMC

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14
Q

F/E of thumb occurs (parallel/perpendicular) to plane of palm.

A

Parallel

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15
Q

F/E of thumb occurs at which joint(s)?

A

CMC, MCP, IP

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16
Q

Opposition of thumb occurs at which joint(s)?

A

CMC

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17
Q

Collateral ligaments are found on which surface(s) of (MCP/IP) joints? They protect against which motion(s)?

A

Both MCP and IP joints;
Medial and lateral;
Protect against excessive lateral deviation

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18
Q

The (dorsal/palmar) thickening of the joint capsule on MCP/IP joints serves which function(s)?

A

Palmar;

  1. Centers flexor tendons
  2. Guards against hyperextention
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19
Q

What are the components of the flexor sheath?

A
  1. Membranous portion

2. Retinacular portion

20
Q

(X) portion of the flexor sheath is between the tendon and (Y). It serves to:

A 
X = membranous
Y = Retinacular portion

Promotes tendon gliding

21
Q

(X) portion of the flexor sheath is continuous with (Y) and serves to:

A 
X = retinacular
Y = periosteum

Forms pulley, stabilizing the tendon

22
Q

Bowstringing of tendon occurs when:

A

Retinacular portion of flexor sheath (“pulley”) ruptures

23
Q

Juncturae Tendinum are (X) located on (dorsal/palmar) surface, proximal to (Y) joints. What’s the function?

A

X = intertendinous connections
Dorsal; Y = MCP

Link EDC tendons, restricting independent extension of fingers (couple action of digits 2-5)

24
Q

The extensor expansion (hood) is an elaboration of (X) structure.

A

X = ED tendon

25
Q

Patient can’t make a round OK sign (collapsed circle). Which muscle(s)/nerve(s) are dysfunctional?

A

Anterior Interosseous nerve; FPL and FDP muscles

26
Q

Anatomical snuffbox includes (X) tendons and contains (Y) vessel(s). What’s the floor?

A 
X = EPL, EPB, Abd pollicis longus
Y = radial artery

Scaphoid bone

27
Q

Finklestein’s Test is used to assess presence of (X). What are the steps of the test?

A

X = De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

  1. Make tight fist
  2. Ulnar deviate
  3. Sharp pain over radial styloid means positive test
28
Q

What is De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis?

A

Inflammation of EPB and Abd pollicis longus tendons as they glide over radial styloid process

29
Q

Which tendon(s) pass through carpal tunnel?

A

FDS, FDP and FPL

30
Q

T/F: Ulnar artery doesn’t pass through carpal tunnel.

A

True (same with ulnar nerve)

31
Q

T/F: All branches of median nerve pass through carpal tunnel.

A

False - cutaneous branch does not.

32
Q

T/F: Palmaris brevis is in the hypothenar compartment.

A

False (superficial to it)

33
Q

What are some functions of palmaris brevis?

A
  1. Deepens hollow of palm (aids palmar grip)

2. Covers/protects ulnar nerve and artery

34
Q

List the compartments of the intrinsic hand.

A
  1. Thenar
  2. Hypothenar
  3. Adductor
  4. Central
35
Q

Simian (ape) hand is a symptom that is due to (X), which results from damage to (Y).

A 
X = thenar wasting
Y = median nerve (carpal tunnel syndrome)
36
Q

There are (X) number of lumbricals, and they pass on the (anterior/posterior) side of the (Y) joints, just before attachment on (Z).

A

X = 4
Anterior
Y = MCP
Z = Extensor hood

37
Q

If IP flexion is okay with MCP extension, but tight in MCP flexion, there is tightness in (intrinsic muscles/extrinsic muscles/joint capsule).

A

Extrinsic muscles

38
Q

If IP flexion is tight with MCP extension and tight in MCP flexion, there is tightness in (intrinsic muscles/extrinsic muscles/joint capsule).

A

IP joint capsule

39
Q

If IP flexion is tight with MCP extension, but okay in MCP flexion, there is tightness in (intrinsic muscles/extrinsic muscles/joint capsule).

A

Intrinsic muscles

40
Q

There are (X) number of dorsal interossei and (Y) number of palmar interossei.

A 
X = 4
Y = 3
41
Q

(X) deformity: Laxity of the volar plate causes slippage of (Y). This causes which action(s) at which joint(s)?

A 
X = swan neck
Y = collateral ligaments

Hyperextention at PIP; flexion at DIP

42
Q

(X) deformity: rupture of central tendon, through which (Y) protrudes. This causes which action(s) at which joint(s)?

A 
X = boutonniere
Y = PIP joint

PIP flexion; DIP extension

43
Q

(X) deformity: extensor tendon laxity, resulting in decreased efficiency of (Y). This causes which action(s) at which joint(s)?

A 
X = mallet
Y = extensor hood

Inability to extend DIP

44
Q

Tenodesis refers to:

A

Increase in grasp strength when wrist is extended, due to increase in distance over which flexors act

45
Q

Patients with (X) injury rely on tenodesis grasp for functional activity.

A

X = C6 SC

Body Structures B&L (14 decks)

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