06a CNS Development Flashcards

1
Q

Neural-inducing factors are secreted by (X) and act to signal differentiation of (Y) into (Z).

A
X = notochord and surrounding paraxial mesoderm
Y = overlying ectoderm 
Z = neural plate
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2
Q

The entire CNS arises from:

A

Neuroectoderm (ectoderm of neural plate)

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3
Q

Neurulation is the process by which:

A

Neural plate forms neural tube

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4
Q

What are the openings on either end of neural tube referred to?

A

Rostral and caudal neuropores

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5
Q

Lumen of neural tube becomes (X) in adult.

A

X = ventricular system (brain) and central canal (SC), filled with CSF

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6
Q

In SC development, the neural tube is initially comprised of (X) cells that are (Y) layers thick.

A
X = germinal neuroepithelial
Y = one
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7
Q

In SC development, as (X) cells migrate to form second layer, the first layer of (Y) is renamed “ventricular zone” and later becomes (Z) layer.

A
X = neuroblasts
Y = germinal neuroepithelium
Z = ependymal
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8
Q

In SC development, once (X) cells migrate to form second layer, thickening and differentiation take place and layer becomes referred to as (Y).

A
X = neuroblasts 
Y = mantle (intermediate zone)
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9
Q

In SC development, the outermost layer, (X), is formed from:

A

X = marginal zone

Axonal processes from mantle (intermediate) zone

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10
Q

(X) demarcates the alar (sensory/motor) and basal (sensory/motor) plates.

A

X = sulcus limitans

Sensory; motor

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11
Q

(Visceral/somatic) (motor/sensory) nuclei are located adjacent to midline axis in SC.

A

Visceral sensory and motor

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12
Q

(Visceral/somatic) (motor/sensory) nuclei are located toward lateral edges of grey matter in SC.

A

Somatic motor and sensory

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13
Q

Intraembryonic (X) tissue forms somites. Each somite forms its own:

A

X = paraxial mesoderm

Sclerotome, myotome, dermatome

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14
Q

Cranial neural tube forms three primary vesicles. Name them.

A

Prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon

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15
Q

Primary vesicles of neural tube further subdivide to form five secondary vesicles. List them and the respective primary vesicles each arose from.

A
  1. Telencephalon (pros)
  2. Diencephalon (pros)
  3. Mesencephalon (mes)
  4. Metencephalon (rhomb)
  5. Myelencephalon (rhomb)
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16
Q

List the flexures that the neural tube undergoes. Indicate if it’s a flexure on dorsal or ventral surface. Star the ones that persist.

A
  1. Mesencephalic (ventral)*
  2. Cervical (ventral)
  3. Pontine (dorsal)
17
Q

Basic organization of brainstem nuclei along ventricular floor (from medial to lateral)

A
  1. Somatic motor
  2. Branchial motor
  3. Visceral motor
  4. Visceral sensory
  5. Somatic sensory
  6. Special sensory
18
Q

T/F: not all types of brainstem nuclei are found at each brainstem level.

A

True

19
Q

Cerebellum cortex formed during development by migration of (X) from (Y) layer.

A
X = neuroblasts
Y = mantle zone
20
Q

The diencephalon is developed/comprised entirely of (X) cells that form three swellings. List them (ventral to dorsal)

A

X = alar plate neuroblasts

  1. Thalamus
  2. Hypothalamus
  3. Epithalamus
21
Q

The telencephalon is developed/formed entirely from (X) cells.

A

X = alar plate neuroblast

22
Q

Disproportionate growth between (X) poles of cerebral hemisphere cause them to appear rotated about central axis, called (Y).

A
X = frontal and temporal
Y = insular cortex
23
Q

The (X) is an important midline membrane that separates (Y) secondary vesicles during brain development. During cerebral rotation, this structure is used as bridge by (Z).

A
X = lamina terminalis
Y = telecephalic
Z = commissures (fibers that travel between cerebral hemispheres)