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Body Structures H&N > 03a: CNS Overview and CNs > Flashcards

03a: CNS Overview and CNs Flashcards

1
Q

List the divisions of the brain, from rostral to caudal

A
  1. Telencephalon
  2. Diencephalon
  3. Mesencephalon
  4. Metencephalon
  5. Myelencephalon
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2
Q

The caudal myelenecephalon is (smaller/larger) than SC. The rostral myelencephalon has (X) on its (anterior/posterior/lateral) aspect to add to its size.

A

Same size;
X = inferior olivary nucleus
Lateral

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3
Q

(Rostral/caudal) (X) brain division contains The Pyramids, which are (ventral/lateral/dorsal) bundles of (Y).

A

Both rostral and caudal;
X = myelencephalon
Ventral;
Y = white matter

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4
Q

The metencephalon consists of:

A

Pons and Cerebellum

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5
Q

Caudal mesencephalon consists of:

A

Inferior colliculus

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6
Q

Rostral mesencephalon consists of:

A

Superior colliculus

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7
Q

Which brain division contains the cerebral peduncles?

A

Mesencephalon

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8
Q

Roof of mesencephalon collectively called (X) and floor formally called (Y).

A 
X = tectum
Y = tegmentum
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9
Q

Diencephalon consists of:

A

Thalamus and hypothalamus

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10
Q

Telencephalon consists of:

A

Cerebrum, basal ganglia, hippocampus, amygdala

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11
Q

Location of CSF travel in telencephalon.

A

Lateral ventricles

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12
Q

Location of CSF travel in diencephalon.

A

Third ventricle

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13
Q

Location of CSF travel in mesencephalon.

A

Cerebral aqueduct

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14
Q

Location of CSF travel in met encephalon.

A

Fourth ventricle

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15
Q

Location of CSF travel in myelencephalon.

A

Central canal (of SC)

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16
Q

The neural tube gives rise to:

A

CNS (Brain and SC)

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17
Q

During development, cells that don’t join neural crest cell cluster, but remain in surface (X) layer, are formally called (Y).

A 
X = ectoderm
Y = the ectodermal placodes
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18
Q

Sensory and motor ganglia of PNS arise from (neural crest/placodes).

A

Neural crest

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19
Q

Schwann cells arise from (neural crest/placodes).

A

Neural crest

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20
Q

Inner ear arises from (neural crest/placodes).

A

Placodes

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21
Q

Chromaffin cells of (X) structure arise from (neural crest/placodes).

A

X = adrenal medulla

Neural crest

22
Q

Nasal cavities arise from (neural crest/placodes).

A

Placodes

23
Q

Neuromesenchyme of brachial arches arises from (neural crest/placodes).

A

Neural crest

24
Q

Neuromesenchyme of pharyngeal arches arises from (neural crest/placodes).

A

Neural crest

25
Q

Adenohypophysis, aka (X), arises from (neural crest/placodes).

A

X = anterior pituitary gland

Placodes

26
Q

DRG arise from (neural crest/placodes).

A

Neural crest

27
Q

Ganglia of CNs arise from (neural crest/placodes).

A

Both (party from neural crest, partly from placodes)

28
Q

T/F: It’s common for some propioceptive fibers in CNs to have cell bodies in midbrain, rather than in sensory ganglion.

A

False - rare exception in CN V

29
Q

Motor ganglia in H/N can be classified according to their (X). List these categories.

A

X = location;

  1. Paravertebral
  2. Terminal
  3. Parasympathetic motor ganglia
30
Q

T/F: There are no prevertebral sympathetic ganglia in head/neck.

A

True

31
Q

Preganglionic sympathetic outflow to head/neck primarily from neurons located in:

A

T1-T5 SC segments

32
Q

Preganglionic sympathetic outflow to head/neck travel via (X) and synapse on (Y).

A 
X = white rami communicantes (then up sympathetic chain)
Y = Superior, middle, inferior cervical sympathetic ganglia
33
Q

Post-ganglionic sympathetic axons to head/neck can be distributed as:

A
  1. Cervical spinal nerves
  2. Branches to some CNs and meninges
  3. Branches to cervical viscera and heart
  4. Plexuses on arteries (carotid, subclavian, vertebral)
34
Q

True “terminal” parasympathetic ganglion cells occur in:

A

Tongue, trachea, larynx, lower esophagus

35
Q

Parasympathetic motor innervation of head/neck: Where are the preganglionic cell bodies?

A

Brainstem (scattered nerve nuclei)

36
Q

Parasympathetic motor innervation of head/neck: What do the preganglionic axons travel in?

A

CN 3, 7, 9, 10

37
Q

List the “discrete” parasympathetic ganglia in head. List the CN that serves as a PATHWAY for each.

A
  1. Ciliary (V1)
  2. Pterygopalatine (V2)
  3. Otic (V3)
  4. Submandibular (V3)
38
Q

Which sensory info is carried by GSA fibers?

A
  1. Exteroception
  2. Propioception
  3. General sensation
39
Q

General sensation in head/neck is carried by (X) fibers from (Y) structures by (Z) nerves.

A 
X = GSA
Y = viscera
Z = CN 9 and 10
40
Q

General sensation is (well/poorly) localized.

A

Poorly

41
Q

(X) neuron modalities mediate interoception.

A

X = GVA

42
Q

Which CNs carry GVA fibers?

A

7, 9, 10

43
Q

GVA fibers can carry which type of sensory information? Next to each type, include if it retraces path followed by sympathetic/parasympathetic fibers. Star those that reach level of consciousness.

A
  1. Pain info (sympathetic)*

2. Physiological reflexes (parasympathetic)

44
Q

SA fibers are found in which CN?

A

1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10

45
Q

SVE fibers are found in which CN?

A

5, 7, 9, 10, 11

46
Q

(X) muscles develop from first pharyngeal arch and are innervated by CN (Y).

A 
X = mastication
Y = 5
47
Q

(X) muscles develop from second pharyngeal arch and are innervated by CN (Y).

A 
X = facial expression
Y = 7
48
Q

(X) muscles develop from third pharyngeal arch and are innervated by CN (Y).

A 
X = stylopharyngeus (longitudinal muscle of pharynx)
Y = 9
49
Q

(X) muscles develop from fourth and sixth pharyngeal arch and are innervated by CN (Y).

A 
X = soft palate, pharynx, larynx
Y = 10
50
Q

Great vein of Galen drains into (X) sinus

A

X = straight

Body Structures H&N (14 decks)

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