(06) Staph

Question 1

(The Staphloylococci)

1. Family: Micrococcaceae (G+ cocci)

(3 genera)

1. staphylococcus - pathogenic?
2. micrococcus - pathogenic?
3. planococcus - found in what?

Answer 1

1. yes
2. no
3. marine habitats

Question 2

(Genus: Staphylococcus)

1. gram?
2. capsules?
3. ONE THING YOU SHOULD BE AWARE OF

are staph catalase positive or neg?

strep?

Answer 2

1. +
2. yep
3. pos

neg

(important for diff)

Question 3

(Genus: Staphylococcus)

1. Cause what kind of disease usually
2. hallmark clinical manifestation is what?
3. Invasion into deeper tissue can cause pneumonia, osteomyelitis, meningits, arthritis, endocarditis
4. intoxication - can cause what?

Answer 3

1. suppurative
2. abcess (pimple or boil)
3. toxic shock syndrome (dogs (?), humans) and food poisoning (humans)

Question 4

(Staph)

1. what eznyme most associated with diease?
2. just know that if you are dealing with coag + it is probably staph - don’t memorize ind species
3. coagulase rxn uses rabbit serum - converts what into what?

Answer 4

1. coagulase
2. fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 5

(Path of Staph)

(Habitat and Transmission)

1. oppotunistic
2. some strains are host adapted

Question 6

(Path of Staph)

(Path)

1. initial host cell recognition/attachment invovles what?
2. often form what?
3. most frequent cause of what?

Answer 6

1. binding to glycolipids, fibronectin, and fibrinogen
2. biofilms (secrete polysaccharide)
3. bioflim infections

Question 7

(Path of Staph)

(Path)

most important factors are…

what six?

Answer 7

1. resist phags
2. protein A
3. hyaluronidase (capsule)
4. coagulse and hydrolase
5. intracellular survival in phags
6. adhesion to epi

Question 8

(Path of Staph)

(Clinical Signs)

1. what is most common sign?
2. acute inflammation - rapid inflitration of what?

cause what?

Answer 8

1. production of pus (pimples, etc)
2. neutrophils

damage of surrounding tissue due to lysomsomal enzymes from nuetrophils

Question 9

(Path of Staph)

(Path)

(Abscess Formation)

1. inflammatory walled off by what?
2. so host has contained the invading organism - can be dangerous when?

Answer 9

1. fibrin (staph coagulase)
2. near a vital oragan

Question 10

(Staph)

(Virulence Factors/Exotosins)

(KNOW THESE ACTUALLY)

1. what 4 soluble virulence factors?
2. what two insoluble virulence factors?

Answer 10

1. leukocidin, catalase, coagulase, DNase
2. capsule, protein A (disrupts complement)

Question 11

(Staph)

(Toxic Shock Syndrome - S. Aureus - damage due to intoxication)

1. characterized by fever, skin rash, hypotension, and shock
2. was associated with what in females?
3. toxic shock toxin (an exotoxin - 22Kdprotein)
4. Is a superantigen that causes what?

Answer 11

2. tampons
3. antigen-independent stimulation of T cells with the secretion of IL-1 and TNFalpha

Question 12

(Staph)

(Antimicrobial Susceptibily)

1. resistant to what?
2. how common?
3. what is only antibiotic choice for methicillin resistant S. Aureus?
4. MRSA now appearing in vet species (70% in pigs, 45% workers - it is OPPORTUNISITC)
5. most isolates are host adapted (except horses)
6. most bovine resp - fuck you rutherford
7. good - pasteurization kills it - bad - genetic tests miss it
8. case of MRSA human –> dog reported

Answer 12

1. methicillin
2. very - must use susc testing
3. (MRSA) = vancomycin

(although there may be some resistance to this too)