034 Transplantation

Question 1

What are the 3 types of immunlogical mechanisms of rejection and how do they work?

Answer 1

Hyper acute - when patient already has antibodies that bind to the antigen.
Acute - when patient deelops an immune response e.g. Tc attachment, Th and B cell activation.
Chronic - multiple immune mechanism or recurrence of the original disease

Question 2

Why are xenographs currently not being used?

Answer 2

Because pigs have sugars expressed on their cell surface. Humans have antibodies to these sugars.

Question 3

What can be used to inhibit IL2 production to allow immunosuppression?

Answer 3

Tacromilus

Question 4

What is rapamycin?

Answer 4

This is used to immunosuppressed by inhibiting cell signalling caused by IL2.

Question 5

Which HLA gene is most important for matching?

Answer 5

HLA-DR. then HLA-A and HLA-B

Question 6

What is the severity of the graft rejection determined by?

Answer 6

The genetic differences in the MHC molecule between donor and recpient

Question 7

Why are skin transplants difficult to tolerate?

Answer 7

There is a huge vascular network

Question 8

What type hypersensitivity is acute rejection?

Answer 8

Type IV