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Infection and Defence > 018 Humoral Immunity and antibody mediated responses > Flashcards

018 Humoral Immunity and antibody mediated responses Flashcards

1
Q

Which are the largest immunoglobulins?

A

IgE and IgM (with CH2,3,4) parts of the constant heavy chain

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2
Q

Which part of the immunoglobin determines the antibody class?

A

Constant region

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3
Q

What is affinity?

A

The strength between antigen and antibody bond

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4
Q

What is avidity?

A

The capacity for the antibody to bind.

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5
Q

What are the 2 light chain isotopes?

A

kappa and lambda

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6
Q

Where do you find IgG?

A

In circulation as monomers

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7
Q

Where do you find IgA?

A

In circulation as monomer and mucosal surfaces as dimers

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8
Q

Where do you find IgD?

A

On naive BCR

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9
Q

Where do you find IgM?

A

On naive BCR and as pentamers in circulation

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10
Q

Where do you find IgE?

A

On mast cells

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11
Q

Which immunoglobins are blood group antibodies?

A

IgM

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12
Q

Which antibody is able to be transported across the placenta?

A

IgG (smallest can pass through tissues)

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13
Q

Which antibody is mainly activated in early immune responses & as first line defence against bacteraemia?

A

IgM

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14
Q

Which immunoglobin has the lowest levels in circulation?

A

IgE

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15
Q

What receptor on mast cells detects IgE?

A

FceRI

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16
Q

Where are mast cells found?

A

Underlying mucosal surfaces and connective tissues

17
Q

What is the half life for IgG?

A

21 days

18
Q

What is the half life for IgM

A

10 days

19
Q

What is the half life for igA?

A

6 days

20
Q

Which antibody is the most powerful agglutinin?

A

IgM

21
Q

Which subtypes of IgG can cross placenta?

A

1,2,4

22
Q

What interaction between T and B cells is required for initial activation of B cells?

A

The coreceptor activation between B7.1/B7.2 on B cells and CD28 on T cells. Further activation between CD40 on B cells and CD40L on T cells is required.

23
Q

Which interleukin is responsible for switching B cells into IgE antibodies?

A

IL4

24
Q

Where does B cell clonal expansion, class switching and somatic hypermutation occur?

A

In the follicles of lymph nodes

25
Q

What is somatic hypermutaion?

A

When there is mutation in adaptation to the foreign substance to better favor the substances

26
Q

How is the classical pathway activated?

A

By antigen-antibody complex

27
Q

How is the alternate pathway activated?

A

microbial cell wall

28
Q

How is the Lectin pathway activated?

A

Microbial wall sugar mannose

29
Q

Learn the complement system

A

Check notes

30
Q

How does the Epstein Barr Virus prevent membrane attack complex damaging them?

A

It binds to the complement receptor on B cells which prevent the attack of MAC proteins

Infection and Defence (31 decks)

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