02 Plant Defenses

Question 1

Bark is a physical defense and a type of _____.

Answer 1

Armour

Question 2

Acorns have _____ ____ as a physical defense.

Answer 2

Hard Coats

Question 3

Prickles are _____.

Answer 3

Stem Epidermal outgrowths

Question 4

Thorns are ____.

Answer 4

Modified Branches

Question 5

Spines are _____.

Answer 5

Modified Leaves

Question 6

Plant hairs are called _____.

Answer 6

Trichomes

Question 7

Modified branches are called ____.

Answer 7

Thorns

Question 8

Modified leaves are called ______.

Answer 8

Spines

Question 9

Stem Epiermal Outgrowths are _____.

Answer 9

Prickles

Question 10

Trichomes are ______.

Answer 10

Plant hairs

Question 11

Burning hairs on a plant are what?

Answer 11

Glandular Trichomes

Question 12

Why do plants have physical defenses?

Answer 12

To make it unpleasant or unsafe for animals to eat

Question 13

What is an inducible defense?

Answer 13

Defenses only produced upon certain conditions when they are needed

Question 14

What is a defense present at all times called?

Answer 14

Constitutive Defense

Question 15

What is a structure that makes it hard to digest the plant? Name the 5 types

Answer 15

Structural Digestibility Reducers

Cellulose, Hemicellulose, Pectin, Lignin (leave stiffener) and Silica (grasses)

Question 16

What is a chemical in a plant that makes it hard to digest?

Answer 16

Chemical Digestibility Reducers

Question 17

Tannins

Answer 17

Chemical Digestibility Reducer - gives dry mouth

Question 18

Calcium Oxalate Crystals

Answer 18

Chemical Digestibility Reducer - rips digestive tract

Question 19

Lignin

Answer 19

Structural Digestibility Reducers - Leaf Stiffener

Question 20

Silica

Answer 20

Structural Digestibility Reducers - grass stiffness

Question 21

Cellulose, Hemicellulose and Pectin

Answer 21

Structural Digestibility Reducers

Question 22

Terpenoids

Answer 22

Chemical defense and is an organic compound found in resins which taste bitter and do not contain nitrogen

Question 23

Alkaloids

Answer 23

Chemical defense and is an organic compound containing nitrogen which bind to digestive enzymes to inhibit digestion

Question 24

What chemical defense DOES NOT contain nitrogen?

Answer 24

Terpenoids

Question 25

Insect Growth Hormones

Answer 25

Hormone secreted by plants which effects insects eating it in a negative way.

Question 26

Phytoecdysones

Answer 26

Chemical Defense -> Plan produces molting hormone causing the caterpillars to molt too early and die

Question 27

Phytojuvenile

Answer 27

Chemical Defense -> Plan produces juvenile hormone causing the caterpillars to remain as a juvenile and never reach adult hood

Question 28

Phytoestrogen

Answer 28

Chemical Defense -> overload animal with reproductive hormones inhibiting reproduction

Question 29

Phytotoxins

Answer 29

Chemical Defense -> Make skin more sensitive to sun

Question 30

Aposematic Colouration (plant style)

Answer 30

Colouration of seeds immature seeds are coloured differently than mature seeds and contain terpenoids