Zoology Test 1a Flashcards
eukaryotes
- many cells
- nucleus
- complex
- higher metabolism
prokaryotes
single celled
animal
- eukaryote
- no cell walls
- multicellular
- motile during part or all of life
- heterotrophs
genus
starts with capital letters
species
starts with lowercase letter
animal characteristics
- symmetry
- organizational complexity
- types of tissues present
- developmental pattern
- segmentation
increasing complexity means what…?
reflects evolutionary development through animal history/evolution
types of symmetry
- asymmetrical
- radial
- bilateral
cross section
across something, like worm
longitudinal section
top to bottom of something
sagittal section
right down the middle of bilateral animal
Protozoan
- tiny animal-like organisms
- different shapes and structures
- located in water
- eukaryotes
- lack cell wall
- have at least one motile stage in life cycle
- heterotrophic
- holozoic
- not monophyletic
- unicellular
- contain organelles
- photosynthetic
holozoic
ingest their food
saprozoic
absorb it
monophyletic
being in the same phylum
sequence of taxonomy
kingdom phylum class order family genus species
heterotroph
ingest other organisms for food
volvox protists
single cells can carry on life independently, clearly unicellular, clump together
types of asexual reproduction
- binary fission
- multiple fission or schizogany
binary fission
from of mitotic division, nuclei divide
multiple fission
also called schizogany, repeated nuclear divisions followed by simultaneous cytokinesis
types of sexual reproduction
- syngamy
- conjugation
syngamy
fertilization of one haploid gamete by another
conjugation
mutual exchange of genetic information, make nuclei and exchange info
types of protozoan movement
- cilia
- flagella
- pseudopodia
cilia
tend to move water past the organism
flagella
move organisms in the water (can have more than 1)
pseudopodia
- move cytoplasm in direction they want to move, and pull it in from behind
- pseudo meaning false
- pod meaning foot
protozoan excretion
- waste composed of nitrogenous material
- simple diffusion from high to low concentration
- end product id ammonia (NH3-)
osmosis
water moves form region of high water concentration to a region that contains low water concentration, moves towards solution with high solute concentration
osmoregulation
regulation of H2O
what is protozoans mechanism for osmoregulation?
contractile vacuoles
contractile vacuoles
pumps in H2 ions, water moves in to fill space, squeezes and pumps water out
what are the protozoan groups?
- flagellates
- ciliates
- amoebas
- apicomplexans
Euglena
- type of flagellate
- has pellicle
- a flagella
- has chlorophyll….therefore photosynthetic
- contains stigma that detects light
- autotrophic
trypanosoma
- type of flagellate
- carreid by the tsetse fly
sickle-shape cell with undulating membrane and flagellum - half of people who contract, die; 7-10000 cases
- travels in blood
- effects the CNS
volvox
- type of flagellate
- multicellular
- single colony can contain 50000 cells
- contains flagella, chloroplast and stigma
- asexual reproduction in daughter colonies (spring and summer)
- sexual reproduction in zygotes
- inversion
inversion
daughter colonies turn inside-out during development so flagella are on outside
microgametes
male
macrogametes
female
