Zoology Test 1a Flashcards

1
Q

eukaryotes

A
  • many cells
  • nucleus
  • complex
  • higher metabolism
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2
Q

prokaryotes

A

single celled

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3
Q

animal

A
  • eukaryote
  • no cell walls
  • multicellular
  • motile during part or all of life
  • heterotrophs
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4
Q

genus

A

starts with capital letters

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5
Q

species

A

starts with lowercase letter

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6
Q

animal characteristics

A
  • symmetry
  • organizational complexity
  • types of tissues present
  • developmental pattern
  • segmentation
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7
Q

increasing complexity means what…?

A

reflects evolutionary development through animal history/evolution

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8
Q

types of symmetry

A
  • asymmetrical
  • radial
  • bilateral
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9
Q

cross section

A

across something, like worm

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10
Q

longitudinal section

A

top to bottom of something

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11
Q

sagittal section

A

right down the middle of bilateral animal

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12
Q

Protozoan

A
  • tiny animal-like organisms
  • different shapes and structures
  • located in water
  • eukaryotes
  • lack cell wall
  • have at least one motile stage in life cycle
  • heterotrophic
  • holozoic
  • not monophyletic
  • unicellular
  • contain organelles
  • photosynthetic
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13
Q

holozoic

A

ingest their food

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14
Q

saprozoic

A

absorb it

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15
Q

monophyletic

A

being in the same phylum

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16
Q

sequence of taxonomy

A
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
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17
Q

heterotroph

A

ingest other organisms for food

18
Q

volvox protists

A

single cells can carry on life independently, clearly unicellular, clump together

19
Q

types of asexual reproduction

A
  • binary fission

- multiple fission or schizogany

20
Q

binary fission

A

from of mitotic division, nuclei divide

21
Q

multiple fission

A

also called schizogany, repeated nuclear divisions followed by simultaneous cytokinesis

22
Q

types of sexual reproduction

A
  • syngamy

- conjugation

23
Q

syngamy

A

fertilization of one haploid gamete by another

24
Q

conjugation

A

mutual exchange of genetic information, make nuclei and exchange info

25
Q

types of protozoan movement

A
  • cilia
  • flagella
  • pseudopodia
26
Q

cilia

A

tend to move water past the organism

27
Q

flagella

A

move organisms in the water (can have more than 1)

28
Q

pseudopodia

A
  • move cytoplasm in direction they want to move, and pull it in from behind
  • pseudo meaning false
  • pod meaning foot
29
Q

protozoan excretion

A
  • waste composed of nitrogenous material
  • simple diffusion from high to low concentration
  • end product id ammonia (NH3-)
30
Q

osmosis

A

water moves form region of high water concentration to a region that contains low water concentration, moves towards solution with high solute concentration

31
Q

osmoregulation

A

regulation of H2O

32
Q

what is protozoans mechanism for osmoregulation?

A

contractile vacuoles

33
Q

contractile vacuoles

A

pumps in H2 ions, water moves in to fill space, squeezes and pumps water out

34
Q

what are the protozoan groups?

A
  • flagellates
  • ciliates
  • amoebas
  • apicomplexans
35
Q

Euglena

A
  • type of flagellate
  • has pellicle
  • a flagella
  • has chlorophyll….therefore photosynthetic
  • contains stigma that detects light
  • autotrophic
36
Q

trypanosoma

A
  • type of flagellate
  • carreid by the tsetse fly
    sickle-shape cell with undulating membrane and flagellum
  • half of people who contract, die; 7-10000 cases
  • travels in blood
  • effects the CNS
37
Q

volvox

A
  • type of flagellate
  • multicellular
  • single colony can contain 50000 cells
  • contains flagella, chloroplast and stigma
  • asexual reproduction in daughter colonies (spring and summer)
  • sexual reproduction in zygotes
  • inversion
38
Q

inversion

A

daughter colonies turn inside-out during development so flagella are on outside

39
Q

microgametes

A

male

40
Q

macrogametes

A

female