Young Adulthood theories

Question 1

intimacy versus isolation

Answer 1

erikson: the time when individuals more from the identity fragmentation, confusion and exploration of adolescence into more intimate engagement with significant others. unsuccessful = alienated, disconnected, alone, successful = significant committed relationship. fear is that will result in loss of self and constructed identity. success = try out new relationship and attempt to connect with others while preserving individuality

Question 2

life structure

Answer 2

Levinson: the outcome resulting from specific decisions and choices made along the life course in relationships, occupation and childbearing

Question 3

novice phase

Answer 3

Levinson: 17-33. includes the tasks of leaving adolescence and making preliminary decisions about relationships, career and belief systems. personalities continue to develop an prepare to differentiate from families and adulthood. two primary domains: work and relationships

Question 4

emerging adulthood

Answer 4

Arnett: a developmental phase distinct from both adolescence and young adulthood occurring between 18-25 years old. believe they have not yet reached adulthood, but do so by 30s.

Question 5

default individuation

Answer 5

arnett: adulthood transitions defined by circumstance and siuation

Question 6

developmental individuation

Answer 6

adulthood transitions defined by personal agency and deliberately charged growth opportunities in intellectual, occupational and psychological domains

Question 7

spirituality

Answer 7

a focus on that which gives meaning, purpose and direction to one’s life. Young adulhtood is a time when individuals explore and refine belief systems

Question 8

spirituality dimensions

Answer 8

cognition: beliefs, values, perceptions and meaning
affect: sense of connection and support, attachment and bonding, attachment to work, love and life
behavior: practices, rituals and behavioral experiences

Question 9

postconventional stage

Answer 9

Kohlberg stages of moral reasoning: greater independence in moral decision making
more complex contemplation of ethical principles
development of moral conscience
move from confirmatory to redefining and revising values
recognition of larger systems and appreciation for community
understanding social rules as relativistic versus rigid and prescribed.

Question 10

synthetic conventional faith

Answer 10

faith is rooted in external authority (adolescents)

Question 11

indivituative-reflective faith

Answer 11

person begins to let go of the idea of external authority and looks for authority within the self

Question 12

diffused

Answer 12

Marcia: no exploration, no commitment

Question 13

foreclosed

Answer 13

Marcia: no exploration, commitment

Question 14

moratorium

Answer 14

Marcia: exploration, no commitment

Question 15

achievement

Answer 15

Marcia: exploration, commitment

Question 16

intimacy

Answer 16

a sense of warmth or closeness,: interdependence with another person, self-disclosure, and affection

Question 17

romance

Answer 17

emotional and sexual attraction, quick commitment

Question 18

friendship

Answer 18

emotional commitment, sex may or be part of relationship

Question 19

sexually explicit

Answer 19

sexual attraction is focal point, emotional intimacy secondary