P&E Chapter 10 ON EXAM Families

Question 1

What are three ways to form a family?

Answer 1

• Biologically
• Legally
• Socially

Question 2

What is a family?

Answer 2

A social group of two or people persons, characterized by ongoing interdependence with long term commitments that stem from blood, law or affection

Question 3

ABC-X model of family stress and coping

Answer 3

The impact of stressors on the family (the X factor) is influenced by other factors, most notably the internal and external resources available and the meaning the family makes of the situation. Describes a family transition process following a stressful event. a period of disequilibrium is followed by three possible outcomes: recovery, maladaptation, bonadaptation

Question 4

When a couple lives together in a romantic relationship without marriage

Answer 4

Cohabiting

Question 5

Differentiation of self

Answer 5

• In family systems theory
• The process of learning to differentiate between thoughts and feelings and to follow one’s own beliefs rather than making decisions based on reactivity to the cues of others or the need to win approval

Question 6

Family Eco map

Answer 6

Visual representation of how a family is connected to other individuals and social systems

Question 7

Family Economic Stress Model

Answer 7

• Glen Elder
• Economic hardship leads to economic pressure, which leads to parent distress, which leads to disrupted family relationships, which leads to child and adolescent adjustment problems

Question 8

Family Investment Model

Answer 8

How economic advantage affects family life and child outcomes. Proposes that families with greater economic resources can afford to make large investments in the development of their children

Question 9

Family Life Cycle Perspective

Answer 9

Look at families over time

Question 10

Family of Origin

Answer 10

The family into which we were born and in which we were raised then the two are the same

Question 11

Family Resilience perspective

Answer 11

Distressed families are seen as challenged, not damaged, and they have the potential for repair and growth

Question 12

Family Systems Perspective

Answer 12

Requires a focus on relationships within the family rather than on individual family members. Persons are not thought of as individuals but as parts of overall patterns of roles and interactions

Question 13

Family Timeline

Answer 13

A visual representation of important dates and events in a families life over time

Question 14

Feminist perspective on Families

Answer 14

Families should not be studied as whole systems, with the lens on the family level, because such attention results in failure to attend to patterns of dominance, subjugation and oppression in families

Question 15

Genogram

Answer 15

A visual representation of the multi generational family system using squares circles and relationship lines

Question 16

Intersectionality Feminist Theory

Answer 16

Suggests that no single category is sufficient to understand social oppression and that category such as gender race and class intersect to produce different experiences for women of various races and classes

Question 17

Lone-Parent families

Answer 17

One parent and at least one child residing in the same household

Question 18

Multilevel Family Practice Model

Answer 18

Broadly focused, acknowledging the economic, political and cultural factors that affect resources available to the family and how family members

Question 19

Nonnormative Stressors

Answer 19

Unexpected stressful events that can quickly drain a families resources

Question 20

Normative Stressors

Answer 20

The typical family life cycle transitions

Question 21

Stress Pileup

Answer 21

Over time a series of crises may deplete the family’s resources and expose the family to increasing risk of negative outcomes

Question 22

Transition Points

Answer 22

Time when family faces a transition in family life stage or in family composition

Question 23

Triangulation

Answer 23

A process that occurs when two family members inappropriately involved another family member to reduce the anxiety in the dyadic relationship

Question 24

Polygyny

Answer 24

One man and multiple wives

Question 25

Polyandry

Answer 25

One woman and multiple husbands

Question 26

Exogamy rules

Answer 26

Requires that mates must be chosen from outside the group

Question 27

Endogamy rules

Answer 27

Requires that mates should be selected from within the group on characteristics such as religion, race and ethnicity, and social class

Question 28

Recovery

Answer 28

Return to the family’s previous level of functioning

Question 29

Maladaption

Answer 29

Permanent deterioration in the family’s functioning

Question 30

Bonadaption

Answer 30

Improvement int he family’s functioning over and above the previous level

Question 31

Family belief systems

Answer 31

How families view problems and possibilities is crucial to how they cope with challenges

Question 32

Organizational Patterns

Answer 32

• Serve as shock absorbers
• Able to make changes in roles and rules to respond to the demands of the moment, but in the midst of change, they hold on to some rituals and routines to provide stability and continuity

Question 33

Communication Processes

Answer 33

Send clear, consistent and genuine messages

Question 34

Nuclear Family

Answer 34

Composed of two parents, and their biological, adopted, or fostered offspring

Question 35

Extended family

Answer 35

The parent-child nuclear family lives with other relatives such as grandparents, adult siblings, aunts, uncles, or cousins

Question 36

Modified Extended Family

Answer 36

Members of the extended family network may not reside together, but they are involved with each other in ongoing emotional and economic action

Question 37

Serial Cohabitation

Answer 37

Two of more cohabiting relationships over time, particularly among emerging adults

Question 38

Psychodynamic Perspective

Answer 38

Current personal and interpersonal problems are a result of unresolved problems in the family of origin

Question 39

Family Systems Perspective

Answer 39

• Focus is on relationships within the family rather than on individual family members
• All parts of the family are interconnected

Question 40

Challenges to Family Life

Answer 40

• Violence
• Divorce
• Substance Abuse