P&E Chapter 10 ON EXAM Families Flashcards
What are three ways to form a family?
- Biologically
- Legally
- Socially
What is a family?
A social group of two or people persons, characterized by ongoing interdependence with long term commitments that stem from blood, law or affection
ABC-X model of family stress and coping
The impact of stressors on the family (the X factor) is influenced by other factors, most notably the internal and external resources available and the meaning the family makes of the situation. Describes a family transition process following a stressful event. a period of disequilibrium is followed by three possible outcomes: recovery, maladaptation, bonadaptation
When a couple lives together in a romantic relationship without marriage
Cohabiting
Differentiation of self
- In family systems theory
- The process of learning to differentiate between thoughts and feelings and to follow one’s own beliefs rather than making decisions based on reactivity to the cues of others or the need to win approval
Family Eco map
Visual representation of how a family is connected to other individuals and social systems
Family Economic Stress Model
- Glen Elder
- Economic hardship leads to economic pressure, which leads to parent distress, which leads to disrupted family relationships, which leads to child and adolescent adjustment problems
Family Investment Model
How economic advantage affects family life and child outcomes. Proposes that families with greater economic resources can afford to make large investments in the development of their children
Family Life Cycle Perspective
Look at families over time
Family of Origin
The family into which we were born and in which we were raised then the two are the same
Family Resilience perspective
Distressed families are seen as challenged, not damaged, and they have the potential for repair and growth
Family Systems Perspective
Requires a focus on relationships within the family rather than on individual family members. Persons are not thought of as individuals but as parts of overall patterns of roles and interactions
Family Timeline
A visual representation of important dates and events in a families life over time
Feminist perspective on Families
Families should not be studied as whole systems, with the lens on the family level, because such attention results in failure to attend to patterns of dominance, subjugation and oppression in families
Genogram
A visual representation of the multi generational family system using squares circles and relationship lines
Intersectionality Feminist Theory
Suggests that no single category is sufficient to understand social oppression and that category such as gender race and class intersect to produce different experiences for women of various races and classes
Lone-Parent families
One parent and at least one child residing in the same household
Multilevel Family Practice Model
Broadly focused, acknowledging the economic, political and cultural factors that affect resources available to the family and how family members
Nonnormative Stressors
Unexpected stressful events that can quickly drain a families resources
Normative Stressors
The typical family life cycle transitions
Stress Pileup
Over time a series of crises may deplete the family’s resources and expose the family to increasing risk of negative outcomes
Transition Points
Time when family faces a transition in family life stage or in family composition
Triangulation
A process that occurs when two family members inappropriately involved another family member to reduce the anxiety in the dyadic relationship
Polygyny
One man and multiple wives
Polyandry
One woman and multiple husbands
Exogamy rules
Requires that mates must be chosen from outside the group
Endogamy rules
Requires that mates should be selected from within the group on characteristics such as religion, race and ethnicity, and social class
Recovery
Return to the family’s previous level of functioning
Maladaption
Permanent deterioration in the family’s functioning
Bonadaption
Improvement int he family’s functioning over and above the previous level
Family belief systems
How families view problems and possibilities is crucial to how they cope with challenges
Organizational Patterns
- Serve as shock absorbers
- Able to make changes in roles and rules to respond to the demands of the moment, but in the midst of change, they hold on to some rituals and routines to provide stability and continuity
Communication Processes
Send clear, consistent and genuine messages
Nuclear Family
Composed of two parents, and their biological, adopted, or fostered offspring
Extended family
The parent-child nuclear family lives with other relatives such as grandparents, adult siblings, aunts, uncles, or cousins
Modified Extended Family
Members of the extended family network may not reside together, but they are involved with each other in ongoing emotional and economic action
Serial Cohabitation
Two of more cohabiting relationships over time, particularly among emerging adults
Psychodynamic Perspective
Current personal and interpersonal problems are a result of unresolved problems in the family of origin
Family Systems Perspective
- Focus is on relationships within the family rather than on individual family members
- All parts of the family are interconnected
Challenges to Family Life
- Violence
- Divorce
- Substance Abuse
