Year 9 Term 3 Flashcards
Structure of a metal
Outer electrons become delocalised, forms positive ions and delocalised electrons
Why is a metal malleable
Because there are layers of atoms that can slide over each other into new positions without breaking its metallic bond
Why do metals conduct heat and electricity
Because it has a delocalised electron that can carry a charge
Why are metals ductile
Because there are layers of atoms that can slide over each other into new positions without breaking its metallic bond
Pure metal
Atoms can slide over each other
Soft
Densely packed
Alloys
Different size atoms
Hard
Difficult for atoms to slide over each other
Distorted shape
What happens when you add more atoms to an alloy
It becomes more brittle
What are smart alloys
They are metals that remember their original shape under certain conditions
What is a monomer
Small molecule that had a double bond
What’s a polymer
A large chain molecule that has a single bond
What does ‘poly’ mean
Many
What is graphene
It comes from graphite and is made up of a layer of carbon atoms which are tightly bound in the shape of hexagons.
Why can graphene conduct electricity
Each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms leaving a delocalised that can carry a charge
What would it be called if there was another layer of carbon atoms?
Graphite
What is a fullerene
It’s a molecule of carbon atoms that are arranged in cages and tubes each with a different number of carbon atoms
What are fullerenes used for
They are used for drug delivery systems (which is the process of giving a drug to a human or animal and give them a therapeutic effect) in the body. It can also be used as lubricants and catalysts.
What are nano-particles
The nano-scale is used to measure the extremely small particles (1-100nm) and nano structures are only made up of a few hundred atoms
How big is the radius of an atom
It’s 0.1nm
How big is the radius of a nucleus
It’s 0.0000nm
What is surface area to volume ratio
As the length of sides decreases by 2, the surface area increases by 2
Solid
Fixed, regular pattern, vibrate about a fixed point, can’t move freely
Liquid
Move freely, still touching, irregular pattern
Gas
Take up all of the space in container, bounces off the walls and each other, randomly spread out
