Year 4: Grammar Flashcards
Flash Cards regarding grammar
Liquid verbs are verbs whose basic stems end in a liquid consonant
lambda: λ
mu: μ
nu: ν
or ro : ρ
Greek attributive participle should always be translated with the English relative clause who (e.g ὁ ἀγαπῶν)
ὁ ἄνὴρ ὁ ἀγαπῶν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα
The husband WHO LOVES his own wife
Adverbial participle normally communicates with an event and is translated as when, while, or as
ἀκούων δὲ ὁ Ἀνανίας τοὺς λόγους τούτους πεσὼν ἐξέψυξεν.
And when Ananias heard all these words, he breathed his last.
M F N ὤν οὖσα ὄν ὄντος οὔσης ὄντος ὄντι οὔσῃ ὄντι ὄντα οὖσαν ὄν
Being: Singular Present Active Participle of εἰμί be
M F N ὄντες οὖσαι ὄντα ὄντων οὐσῶν ὄντων οὖσι οὔσαις οὖσι ὄντας οὔσας ὄντα
Being: Plural Present Active Participle of εἰμί be
M F N λύων λύουσα λῦον λύοντος λυούσης λύοντος λύοντι λυούσῃ λύοντι λύοντα λύουσαν λῦον
Loosening: Single Present Active Participle of λύω loosen
To form the present active participle of –ω verbs, simply add the inflected forms of ων, ουσα, ον as an ending.
Note that the masculine forms are familiar; they match nouns such as ἄρχων, ἄρχοντος. In fact, ἄρχων is actually a participle that was often used SUBSTANTIVELY as a noun (the ruling man = the ruler).
M F N λύοντες λύουσαι λύοντα λυόντων λυουσῶν λυόντων λύουσι λυούσαις λύουσι λύοντας λυούσας λύοντα
Loosening: Plural Present Active Participle of λύω
To form the present active participle of –ω verbs, simply add the inflected forms of ων, ουσα, ον as an ending.
M F N λύσας λύσασα λῦσαν λύσαντος λυσάσης λύσαντος λύσαντι λυσάσῃ λύσαντι λύσαντα λύσασαν λῦσαν
First Aorist Active Participle both active and passive (not middle) use the same endings, but they don’t use the same connecting vowel. This is because 1st aorist participles have the σα that is goes with the 1st aorist active indicative verbs
M F N λύσαντες λύσασαι λύσαντα λυσάντων λυσασῶν λυσάντων λύσασι λυσάσαις λύσασι λύσαντας λυσάσας λύσαντα
First Aorist Active Participle PLURAL
M F N λυθείς λυθεῖσα λυθέν λυθέντος λυθείσης λυθέντος λυθέντι λυθείσῃ λυθέντι λυθέντα λυθεῖσαν λυθέν
Aorist Singular Passive/Deponent Participle
The aorist passive participle is built on the 6th principle part
M F N λυθέντες λυθεῖσαι λυθέντα λυθέντων λυθεισῶν λυθέντων λυθεῖσι λυθείσαις λυθεῖσι(ν) λυθέντας λυθείσας λυθέντα
Aorist Plural Passive/Deponent Participle
The aorist passive participle is built on the 6th principle part
M F N λυσάμενος λυσαμένη λυσάμενον λυσαμένου λυσαμένης λυσαμένου λυσαμένῳ λυσαμένῃ λυσαμένῳ λυσάμενον λυσαμένην λυσάμενον
Singular Aorist Middle participles
aorist stem + μεν + 2nd declension ending
M F N λυσάμενοι λυσάμεναι λυσάμενα λυσαμένων λυσαμένων λυσαμένων λυσαμένοις λυσαμέναις λυσαμένοις λυσαμένους λυσαμένας λυσάμενα
Plural Aorist Middle participles
aorist stem + μεν + 2nd declension ending
S P N: γνούϛ γνόντεϛ G: --------------------- D: ----------- γνοῦσιν A: γνόντα ---------
γινώσκω To know Irregular Aorist Particples
S P καταβάϛ καταβάντεϛ καταβάντοϛ καταβάντων καταβάντι καταβᾶσι καταβάντα καταβάντας
καταβαίνω (to go down) Irregular Aorist participle
