Y9 - Development Flashcards
What is development?
refers to the standars of living and quality of life of its inhabitants. development is a process of change whereby peoples lifes will get better .
What is HIC?
a high income country, A country with a GNI above 12, 700 Us dollars
What is MIC
a middle income country
What is LIC
low income country, countries with a GNI under 1045 US dollar
what is NEE
newly emerging economys
what graphs have we been using to mesure development
a distribution graph
they show a spread of the data
what does gross mean?
total
GNI
Gross national income
What are development indicators?
facts that tell us how developed a country
examples of development?
Life expectancy, Infant mortality, birth fate, fertility rate, median age, education expenditure, GNI
Life expectancy at birth
The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year.
Infant mortality
The number of deaths of infants under 1 year per 1000 live births.
Education expenditure
% of GDP spent on education.
Birth rate
Number of live Babies born, per 1000 people, per year.
GNI per capita
The total income received by the country from its residents and businesses regardless of whether they are located in the country or abroad.
fertility rate
Average number of children that would be born per woman if all women lived to the end of their child bearing age.
labor force by occupation
Percentage of people employed in each sector; agriculture, industries and services.
median age
This is the age that divided the population into two equal groups, half being higher and half being lower.
GDP
the total value of goods produced and services provided in a country during one year.
What is HDI?
human development index,
This is an index devised by the UN.
It is a compound indicator.
It uses adult literacy, life expectancy and GDP to give a composite score for each country. This gives a better way of measuring than just using GDP, for example.
The scores are between 0 and 1.
The closer to 1 the better the level of development.
Any country below 0.5 has a low level of development.
What are the reasons for the development gap?
natural disasters
Colonialism
Climate
Natural resources
Debt
Level of education
Diseases
Landlocked
Corruption
Religion
Location
What do you use a scatter graph for?
mutual relationship or connection between 2 or more things.
Development indicators are linked, if one data set goes up then another might go down.
What is the developmenmt gap?
he gap between the HICs and LICs is called the development gap.
Natural Disaters
e.g. Hurricane Irma
Colonialism
e.g. English colonising Kenya
Climate
e.g. good for agriculture (less than 16°C is good)
Natural resources
e.g. iron ore, oil
Debt
– half the wealth of the poorest 20 countries goes off-shore – US$20-30 billion a year.
Diseases
e.g. tsetse fly causing ‘sleeping sickness’ in humans and animals.
Landlocked
– difficult to trade e.g. 15 African countries are landlocked.
Corruption
– means failure of money to reach the right places, or not using the right person for the job.
Corruption
– means failure of money to reach the right places, or not using the right person for the job.
Religion
– poorest countries are most religious as they don’t believe they can alter their destiny.
Location
– in the tropics: poorer soil, plants with lower carbohydrate levels.
Bottom up aid
Small scale aid projects are called bottom-up aid.
These target the people most in need of the aid and help them directly,
This occurs without any government interference.
Aid from charities tends to be bottom-up aid.
