Y13 Carboxylic acids and their derivatives

Question 1

What is the chemical test for carboxylic acids?

Answer 1

Add a carbonate, effervescence if carboxylic acid is present

Question 2

What are the 4 derivatives of carboxylic acids?

Answer 2

1. Ester
2. Acyl chloride
3. Amide
4. Acid anhydride

Question 3

What are the suffixes for an ester, acyl chloride, amide, and an acid anhydride?

Answer 3

Ester: -yl -anoate
Acyl chloride: -anoyl chloride
Amide: -anamide
Acid anyhdride: -anoic anhydride

Question 4

What are the reagents and conditions for the acid hydrolysis of an ester?

Answer 4

Reagents: HCl
Conditions: Reflux
(Reversible!)

Question 5

What are the reagents, conditions, and products for the alkali hydrolysis of an ester?

Answer 5

Reagents: NaOH
Conditions: Reflux
Products: Carboxylate salt + alcohol
(Irreversible!)

Question 6

What 2 products are formed when an acid anhydride reacts with an alcohol?

Answer 6

Ester and carboxylic acid

Question 7

What is the order of reactivity of acyl chlorides, acid anhydrides, and carboxylic acids?

Answer 7

Acyl chlorides > acid anhydrides > carboxylic acids

Question 8

What is added to an acyl chloride to get a carboxylic acid?

Answer 8

Water

Question 9

What is added to an acyl chloride to get an ester?

Answer 9

Alcohol

Question 10

What is added to an acyl chloride to get a phenyl ester?

Answer 10

Phenol

Question 11

What is added to an acyl chloride to get a primary amide?

Answer 11

Ammonia

Question 12

What is added to an acyl chloride to get a secondary amide?

Answer 12

Amine

Question 13

What is the correct equation for the reaction of ethanoyl chloride with NH3?

Answer 13

CH3COCl + 2NH3 –> CH3CONH2 + NH4Cl