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Chemistry > Synthesis > Flashcards

Synthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

Which 3 reactions require you to know the mechanism of it?

A
  1. Radical substitution (alkane –> haloalkane)
  2. Electrophilic addition (alkene –> haloalkane)
  3. Nucleophilic substitution (haloalkane –> alcohol/nitrile)
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2
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction (mechanism) of alkane –> haloalkane?

A

Halogen
UV
Radical substitution

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3
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of alkene –> alkane?

A

Hydrogen
Nickel catalyst
Hydrogenation/addition

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4
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of alkene –> alcohol?

A

Steam
H3PO4 catalyst
Hydration/addition

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5
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction (mechanism) of alkene –> haloalkane?

A

Hydrogen halide (e.g. HCl)
Room temperature
Electrophilic addition

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6
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction (mechanism) of haloalkane –> alcohol (+halide ion)?

A

NaOH (aq)
Heat under reflux
Nucleophilic substitution

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7
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of alcohol –> alkene (+H2O)?

A

H2SO4 catalyst
Heat under reflux
Dehydration/elimination

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8
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of alcohol –> haloalkane (+H2O)?

A

NaX/H2SO4
Heat under reflux
Substitution

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9
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of 1° alcohol –> aldehyde?

A

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4
Distillation
Oxidation (partial)

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10
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of 1° alcohol –> carboxylic acid?

A

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4
Heat under reflux
Oxidation (complete)

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11
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of 2° alcohol –> ketone?

A

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4
Heat under reflux
Oxidation (complete)

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12
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of carboxylic acid + alcohol –> ester (+H2O)?

A

Concentrated H2SO4 catalyst
Heat under reflux
Esterification

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13
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of ester + H2O ⇌ carboxylic acid + alcohol?

A

Concentrated H2SO4 catalyst
Heat under reflux
Acid hydrolysis

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14
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of ester –> carboxylate salt + alcohol?

A

NaOH/KOH (aq)
Heat under reflux
Alkali hydrolysis

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15
Q

What are the reagents, conditions and type of reaction of alkene –> dihalogenoalkane?

A

Halogen

Addition

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Chemistry (29 decks)

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