XXX - Endocrine & Metabolic Drugs Flashcards by Grazielle Verzosa | Brainscape

Q

Treatment for genetic short stature, failure to thrive

A

Somatropin

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Q

Treatment for acromegaly, variceal bleeding

A

Octreotide

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Q

Treatment for hyperprolactinemia, prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine

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Q

Labor induction/augmentation, control of post-partum hemorrhage, SE: fluid retention

A

Oxytocin

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Q

Treatment for central DI

A

Desmopressin

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Q

Treatment for hypothyroidism, myxedema coma

A

Levothyroxine

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Q

Inhibits thyroid peroxidase, blocks peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, DOC in pregnant patients (largely protein bound), SE: agranulocytosis

A

PTU

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Q

Inhibits thyroid peroxidase, SE: agranulocytosis, teratogen (aplasia cutis)

A

Methimazole

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Q

Preferred treatment for hyperthyroidism, SE: permanent hypothyroidism

A

Radioactive Iodine (RAI)

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Q

Reduces vascularity and size of thyroid

A

Lugol’s Iodine (SSKI)

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Q

Symptomatic treatment of hyperthyroidism, decreases peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

A

Propranolol

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Q

Ingestion of iodine causes hypothyroidism

A

Wolff-Chaikoff effect

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Q

Ingestion of iodine causes hyperthyroidism

A

Jod-Basedow phenomenon

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Q

Drugs that inhibit peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

A

PTU, Propranolol, Hydrocortisone

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Q

Drugs that can cause drug-induced hyperthyroidism

A

Clofibrate, Amiodarone, Methadone

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Q

Acute adrenal insufficiency, status asthmaticus, thyroid storm

A

Hydrocortisone

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Q

Prototype oral glucocorticoid, SE: adrenal suppression, Cushing syndrome

A

Prednisone

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Q

Hastens fetal lung maturity

A

Beta-/Dexamethasone

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Q

Mineralocorticoid replacement for chronic adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s)

A

Fludrocortisone

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Q

Steroids for hypoadrenalism

A

Prednisone, Fludrocortisone

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Q

Most frequently used synthetic estrogen in OCPs, SE: hypertension, DVT/PE, endometrial CA, contraindicated in heavy smokers > 35 y.o.

A

Ethynyl Estradiol

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Q

OCP drug, SE: clear cell vaginal adenoCA in daughter

A

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

Q

Prevents estrogen-induced endometrial CA

A

Norgestrel

Q

OCP of choice in lactating women

A

Progestin (DMPA)

Q

Emergency contraception, Yuzpe regimen

A

Levonorgestrel

Q

Hormone-responsive breast CA, SE: endometrial CA

A

Tamoxifen

Q

Ovulation induction, SE: multiple gestation

A

Clomiphene

Q

Treatment of endometriosis, SE: hirsutism

A

Danazol

Q

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

Q

NORgestimate, NORethindrone, NORgestrel

A

Progestins

Q

Treatment for male hypogonadism, SE: virilization, paradoxical feminization (↑ estrogen precursor)

A

Testosterone

Q

Anabolic steroids, illegal performance enhancers

A

Oxandrolone

Q

Treatment of prostate CA, co-administered to prevent acute flare-ups of the tumor

A

Flutamide + Leuprolide

Q

5α-reductase inhibitor, treatment of BPH and male pattern baldness

A

Finasteride

Q

Most efficacious anti-diabetic drug, activates tyrosine kinase, SE: hypoglycemia, lipdystrophy

A

Insulin

Q

1st gen. sulfonylurea (secretagogue), SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain, disulfiram reaction

A

Chlorpropamide

Q

2nd gen. sulfonylurea (secretagogue), SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain, disulfiram reaction

A

Glipizide

Q

Newer insulin secretagogue, no hypoglycemia

A

Repaglinide

Q

First-line anti-diabetic drug, decreases gluconeogenesis, DOC for obese diabetics, SE: lactic acidosis, weight loss, GI upset

A

Metformin

Q

Thiazolidinedione, PPAR-γ, insulin sensitizer, SE: CHF

A

Pioglitazone

Q

α-glucosidase inhibitor, SE: flatulence

A

Acarbose

Q

Insulin: fast

A

Lispro

Q

Insulin: large

A

Glargine

Q

Insulin: Slow

A

Lantus

Q

Why is there paradoxical improvement of DM in patients with CKD?

A

Insulin: ↓ clearance, ↑ half-life

Q

Patients prone to hypoglycemia

A

advanced renal disease, elderly children < 7 y.o.

Q

Inactive vitamin D, rickets, osteomalacia

A

Ergocalciferol

Q

Active vitamin D, secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Calcitriol

Q

Paget’s disease of the bone, hypercalcemia, tumor marker for medullary thyroid CA

A

Calcitonin

Q

Suppresses osteoclast activity, Paget’s disease of the bone, osteoporosis, SE: esophagitis

A

Alendronate

Q

Phosphate-binding resin

A

Sevelamer

Q

Signs of Hyperparathyroidism

A

painful BONES, renal STONES, abdominal GROANS, psychiatric OVERTONES

Q

Tones down Ca

A

Calcitonin