X - Hematologic Agents

Question 1

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Answer 1

Ferrous Sulfate (Fumarate - ↑ elemental Fe)

Question 2

Megaloblastic anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer 2

Cyanocobalamin

Question 3

Megaloblastic anemia, prevention of neural tube defects (spina bifida)

Answer 3

Folic Acid

Question 4

Anemia in CKD

Answer 4

EPO

Question 5

Neutropenia, agranulocytosis

Answer 5

Filgrastim

Question 6

Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia

Answer 6

Oprelvekin

Question 7

Acute treatment of DVT, PE and AMI, PTT monitoring, SE: bleeding, thrombocytopenia

Answer 7

Heparin

Question 8

Low molecular weight heparin, less risk for thrombocytopenia, does not need monitoring

Answer 8

Enoxaparin

Question 9

Treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Answer 9

Lepirudin

Question 10

Antidote to heparin-induced bleeding

Answer 10

Protamine Sulfate

Question 11

Chronic anti-coagulation, SE: bleeding, skin necrosis, many drug interactions

Answer 11

Warfarin

Question 12

Antidote to warfarin (immediate reversal)

Answer 12

Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)

Question 13

Antidote to warfarin (slow reversal)

Answer 13

Vitamin K

Question 14

Test for intrinsic pathway function

Answer 14

PTT

Question 15

Test for extrinsic pathway function

Answer 15

PT

Question 16

Why is an overlap between heparin and warfarin done?

Answer 16

warfarin’s effect requires elimination of preformed clotting factors (8-60h), bypass initial prothrombotic effect of warfarin (skin necrosis)

Question 17

Thrombolysis in AMI, ischemic CVD and PE, SE: bleeding

Answer 17

Alteplase (rtPA)

Question 18

Bacteria-derived thrombolytic, decreased effect on subsequent uses due to antibody formation

Answer 18

Streptokinase

Question 19

Antidote to thrombolytic overdose

Answer 19

Aminocaproic/Tranexamic Acid

Question 20

Irreversible COX inhibitor, instant prevention of arterial thrombosis, SE: tinnitus, hypersensitivity, Reye syndrome, Samter triad (asthma, NSAID sensitivity, and nasal/ethmoidal polyposis)

Answer 20

Aspirin

Question 21

ADP inhibitor, additive effects with aspirin

Answer 21

Clopidogrel

Question 22

Glycoprotein IIb-IIIa inhibitor

Answer 22

Abciximab

Question 23

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor, cardiac stress testing

Answer 23

Dipyridamole

Question 24

Toxic Dose of Aspirin

Answer 24

150 mg/kg

Question 25

Lethal Dose of Aspirin

Answer 25

500 mg/kg

Question 26

Aspirin Hypersensitivity

Answer 26

Samter Triad (asthma, NSAID sensitivity, and nasal/ethmoidal polyposis)

Question 27

Aspirin Toxicity

Answer 27

Coma, Hyperventilation, Acidosis (HAGMA), Fever, Seizure

Question 28

Acid-base abnormality in salicylate poisoning

Answer 28

respiratory alkalosis with HAGMA

Question 29

Aspirin Intoxication: Adults

Answer 29

mixed acid-base disorder (respiratory alkalosis with HAGMA)

Question 30

Aspirin Intoxication: Children

Answer 30

pure acid-base disorder

Question 31

Completely halt the ETC

Answer 31

ETC Inhibitors

Question 32

Dissipate proton gradient without interrupting ETC

Answer 32

Uncouplers