XR Terms

Question 1

the term “minimal displacement” on fracture refers to less than how much displacement

Answer 1

less than or equal to 3mm

Question 2

t/f long oblique fracture is the same as spiral fracture

Answer 2

false

Question 3

what makes a spiral fracture unique from oblique fracture?

Answer 3

twisting MOI

Question 4

compression fracture is common in what type of bone?

Answer 4

cancellous bone

Question 5

what is an impacted fracture?

Answer 5

axial force causing telescoping of one end of bone into another

Question 6

what is the most common site for osteochondral defect?

Answer 6

medial talar dome

Question 7

what general term will describe an osteochondral defect on XR imaging?

Answer 7

lucency

Question 8

how does a lateral ankle sprain lead to OCD in the ankle?

Answer 8

during inversion, the medial talus hits the tibia

Question 9

what portion of the knee most commonly experiences OCD?

Answer 9

medial femoral condyle

Question 10

onion skin or codman’s triangle on XR is indicative of what general reaction?

Answer 10

periostitis / periosteal reaction

Question 11

t/f 80% of cases of osteomyelitis will have normal XR findings for the initial 2 weeks

Answer 11

true

Question 12

what is a Maisonneuve fracture?

Answer 12

proximal fibula fracture with associated ankle injury

Question 13

describe the difference between BSI and insufficiency fracture

Answer 13

BSI - abnormal stress on normal bone
insufficiency - normal stress on abnormal bone

Question 14

how do you treat an anterior tibial stress fracture?

Answer 14

non weightbearing / surgical referral

Question 15

t/f anterior tibial cortex stress fracture is higher risk than other types of stress injuries of the tibia

Answer 15

true

Question 16

a patient with tibia BSI has pain with ambulation. how should they initially be treated?

Answer 16

walking boot / crutches

Question 17

once a patient with tibia BSI has no pain with ambulation, they can progress to what after crutches / boot?

Answer 17

pneumatic compression brace

Question 18

when can a patient with tibia BSI return to running program?

Answer 18

when no longer TTP

Question 19

if a patient has a metatarsal stress fracture, pain which typically be on what side of the foot?

Answer 19

dorsal

Question 20

in a runner with dorsal foot pain, you see fluffy density around the metatarsal shaft. what is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer 20

BSI - this is a periosteal reaction

Question 20

what is the typical first line management for metatarsal BSI?

Answer 20

crutches or post-op shoe

Question 21

how long do most metatarsal BSI need to heal?

Answer 21

4-8 weeks

Question 22

what side of the femoral neck is a stress injury higher risk?

Answer 22

tension side

Question 23

what is the management for femoral neck stress fracture?

Answer 23

crutches / non weightbearing/ surgery referral

Question 24

when looking at an AP radiograph of the thoracic spine, what structures can you examine together to look for rotation?

Answer 24

pedicles and spinous process

Question 25

what is the normal amount of radial inclination on AP radiograph?

Answer 25

21-25 degrees

Question 26

what is the measurement cutoff to diagnose ulnar variance?

Answer 26

> 2mm shorter or longer

Question 27

on lateral view of wrist, the radius should be in line with what two carpal bones?

Answer 27

lunate and capitate

Question 28

what is the normal amount of volar tilt on lateral wrist XR?

Answer 28

10-15 degrees

Question 29

a change in the volar tilt on lateral wrist XR can indicate what?

Answer 29

fracture with angulation

Question 30

XR with clenched fist can evaluate integrity of which ligament?

Answer 30

Scapholunate ligament

Question 31

what is the measurement cutof of space between the scaphoid and lunate that is considered abnormal?

Answer 31

> 4mm

Question 32

generally, when should you refer a distal radius fracture for surgery?

Answer 32

intraarticular / displaced

Question 33

what is Keinbock’s disease

Answer 33

avascular necrosis of the lunate

Question 34

on XR you see sclerosis and flattening of the lunate in someone with chronic wrist pain. what is the diagnosis?

Answer 34

Keinbock’s disease

Question 35

what wrist XR / bony finding is a risk factor for Keinbock’s disease?

Answer 35

negative ulnar variance