Maxillofacial Flashcards
what two comorbid injuries are important to evaluate for in the case of maxillofacial injury?
cervical spine and concussion
in the case of maxillofacial trauma, what is the imaging study of choice?
CT
what size suture should you use for maxillofacial injury?
5-0 or 6-0
which injury is characterized by shear forces that result in blood or serum accumulation between ear cartilage and perichondrium or between layers of perichondrium?
auricular hematoma
what is the first step in treatment of a maxillofacial laceration?
cleanse with sterile water or irrigation solution
what three layers will you repair for an ear laceration?
cartilage, perichondrium and skin
antibiotics against what pathogen should be given for auricular hematoma with a bolster in place?
staph
what type of hearing loss is present in TM perforation?
conductive hearing loss
if a TM rupture has not healed spontaneously within how many weeks, an ophtho consult is warranted?
2-3 weeks
if a patient experiences vertigo with TM rupture, there may be damage to what structure?
ossicles
what solution should not be used to transport an avulsed tooth?
water (due to hypotonicity)
what type of solutions should be used to transport an avulsed tooth?
balanced salt solution or cold milk
what complication of nasal fracture can ultimately lead to injury to the nasal cartilage blood supply?
septal hematoma
if packing is used or hematoma is present in the case of a nasal fracture, antibiotic against what pathogen should be given?
staph
after nasal bone fracture, an athlete can return to sport with face mask after how many weeks?
4 weeks
an untreated nasal septum hematoma can result in what cartilaginous deformity of the nose?
saddle deformity
septal hematoma needs to be treated within how many hours to prevent permanent damage to the cartilage?
24-48 hours
what is the most common source of epistaxis?
Kiesselbach plexus
what are three initial steps to treat epistaxis?
- pinch nose and apply pressure to the upper lip
- use topical vasoconstriction spray
- use silver nitrate
if epistaxis is not resolved with initial conservative therapy, what is the next step?
nasal packing
a patient sustains a maxillary fracture and injury to the infraorbital nerve. what part of the face do you expect to see altered sensation?
cheek and upper lip
what finding of the eyeball can occur if orbital floor is sufficiently damaged in the case of zygoma fracture?
enophthalmos
maxillary fractures are classified in three categories called what classification schema?
Le Fort
a patient presents with ecchymosis of the cheek, flattened cheek bone, lowered lateral palpebral fissure, subconjunctival hemorrhage after facial trauma. what is the most likely diagnosis?
zygoma fracture
forehead numbness after facial injury is due to injury to what nerve?
supraorbital nerve
you can consider non surgical management for a zygoma fracture if less than how many mm displacement?
< 2mm
