Ultrasound Flashcards
which one of the major dorsal forearm muscles/tendons does not attach to the lateral epicondyle?
ECRL does NOT attach to the lateral epicondyle
which muscle is deep to the ECRB distal to the radial head?
supinator muscle
describe the relationship of FDL and FHL at the knot of henry
the FDL crosses inferior /superficially to the FHL
what is the name for the effect created by converting volt from an ultrasound probe to sound waves?
reverse pizoelectric effect
the degree of reflection in an ultrasound image is based upon what principle?
acoustic impedance
t/f a linear transducer produces less anisotropy compared to curved transducer
true
what is the most common artifact in MSK ultrasound imaging?
anisotropy
what soft tissue structure is the most susceptible to anisotropy?
tendon
what ultrasound term refers to refraction artifact secondary to velocity change deep to a curved interference?
edge shadowing
which ultrasound finding of MSK structures is characterized by thickening/swelling , loss of usual fibrillar echotexture, and neovascularity?
tendinosis
what artifact will be seen in MSK imaging of calcific tendinopathy?
posterior shadowing
which ultrasound imaging artifact can be helpful in identifying torn tendon ends?
edge shadowing artifact
ligaments are generally what degree of echogenecity?
hyperechoic
on ultrasound imaging of the ATFL you note swollen and hypoechoic appearance without fiber disruption or laxity on dynamic stress imaging. what is the grade of injury?
grade 1
you see a focal narrowing of a nerve at an area of suspected entrapment. what is this sign called?
notch sign
on which facet does the anterior band of the gluteus medius insert on the greater trochanter?
lateral facet
how does hyaline cartilage appear under ultrasound?
hypoechoic/anechoic
M mode of the pleura in PTX will result in what appearance?
barcode
t/f in the case of hamstring tendon / muscle injury, muscular edema will appear hyperechoic
true
what measurement of the IVC indicates hypovolemia?
<2cm
what percentage collapse of the IVC with respiratory variation indicates hypovolemia
> 50%
in IVC fluid measurement, how many cm away from the right atrium should you measure the AP diameter?
3-4 cm away
at the carpal tunel inlet, the median nerve lies directly beneath what structure?
transverse carpal ligament
when performing injection of the biceps tendon sheath of the shoulder, what arterial structure should you assess for to avoid during the procedure?
anterior humeral circumflex artery
what is the term for the procedure where fluid is injected both above and below the median nerve?
hydrodissection
median nerve / carpal tunnel injection should be performed with the needle from what direction?
from lateral to medial
between what two bones is a dorsal wrist joint injection performed?
radius and lunate
during a 1st dorsal compartment injection, what artery / nerve structures should you avoid?
superficial radial nerve and radial artery
when injecting the first dorsal compartment and using the transverse anatomic plane, the needle should be advanced in what direction?
volar to dorsal
which facet of the greater trochanter does the gluteus medius and maximus insert, respectively?
gluteus medius - lateral facet
gluteus maximus - posterior facet
when performing a greater trochanteric bursa injection, the target lies between what two structures?
the gluteus maximus superficially and the gluteus medius tendon deep
which nerve should you assess for to avoid during an ITBS knee bursa injection?
common fibular nerve
when performing an US guided injection of the plantar fascia, the ultrasound probe is placed in the transverse plane and needle is advanced in what relative direction?
medial to lateral
