X Neuro (Grant): Defs/Cran Nrvs/Dx Tests/Worksheets

Question 1

Cerebrum

Answer 1

Thinking part of brain, interpret messages, light, pain, temp, appetite, emotion, consciousness, thought, memory, reasoning, abstract mental fx. Cortex (outer layer)

Question 2

Brainstem

Answer 2

central trunk of brain, consisting of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain, and continuing downward to form the spinal cord.

• connects cerebrum to diencephalon w spinal cord.
• breathing, sleeping, carries nere fibers

Question 3

Cerebellum

Answer 3

-balance, muscle tone, voluntary muscle, 2 hemispheres

Question 4

Spinal Cord

Answer 4

connects pons to brain. transmits info to brain

Question 5

Peripheral nerves

Answer 5

network of 43 nerves that connect brain/spinal cord (CNS) to entire body. Control fx of sensation, movement, motor coor.

Question 6

Cranial Nerve V

Answer 6

• Trigeminal Nerve

- sensations of face, scalp, teeth; chewing movement

Question 7

Agnosia

Answer 7

inability to recognize or comprehend the meaning of objects

Question 8

Aneurysm

Answer 8

blood filled, balloon like bulge in wall of blood vessel

Question 9

Aphasia

Answer 9

inability to speak

Question 10

Apraxia

Answer 10

diff w motor planning to perform tasks or movements

Question 11

Ataxia

Answer 11

unsteady gait

Question 12

Aura

Answer 12

perceptual disturbance experienced before migraine or seizure. strange light, unpleasant smell, confusing thoughts

Question 13

Bradykinesia

Answer 13

slowness of mvmts. main manifestations of Parkinson’s

Question 14

Diplopia

Answer 14

double vision

Question 15

Dysarthria

Answer 15

motor speech disorder. pt impaired mvmt of muscles used for speech (lips, tongue, vocal folds, diaphragm)

Question 16

Dysphagia

Answer 16

diff swallowing

Question 17

Flaccid

Answer 17

soft, loose, hanging

Question 18

Gasgow Coma Scale

Answer 18

neuro scale used for recording the conscious state of pt for initial and subsequent assessment

Question 19

Global Cognitive Fx

Answer 19

cognitive impairment. when person has trouble remembering, learning new things, concentrating or making decisions that affect everyday life

Question 20

• CN I

Answer 20

Olfactory: sense of smell

Question 21

• CN II

Answer 21

Optic: vision

Question 22

• CN III

Answer 22

Oculomotor: eye mvts, pupillary control

Question 23

• CN IV

Answer 23

Trochlear: Eye movements

Question 24

• CN V

Answer 24

Trigeminal: sensation of face, scalp, teeth, chewing mvmt

Question 25

CN VI

Answer 25

Abducens: turning eyes outward

Question 26

CN VII

Answer 26

Facial: sense of taste, contraction of muscles of facial expression

Question 27

CN VIII

Answer 27

Acoustic: hearing, sense of balance

Question 28

CN IX

Answer 28

Glossopharyngeal: sensations of throat, taste, swallowing mvmt, secretion of saliva

Question 29

• CN X

Answer 29

Vagus: sensation of throat, larynx, thoracic and abd organs, swallowing, voice production, slowing of heartbeat, acceleration of peristalis

Question 30

CN XI

Answer 30

Spinal Accessory: shoulder mvmt and turning mvmc of head

Question 31

CN XII

Answer 31

Hypoglossal: tongue mvmt

Question 32

Hemianopia

Answer 32

blindness over half field of vision

Question 33

Hemiplegia

Answer 33

paralysis on half body, L or R hemisphere

Question 34

Hyperreflexia

Answer 34

over response to stimuli that normally would not bother others, result from SCI

Question 35

Nystagmus

Answer 35

Involuntary eye mvmc that may result in reduced or limited vision

Question 36

Paresis

Answer 36

weakness or or partial loss of voluntary mvmt

Question 37

Postictal period

Answer 37

altered state of consciousness after epileptic seizure

Question 38

Proprioception

Answer 38

sense of relative position of neighboring parts of the body and strength of effort being employed in mvmt.

Question 39

Spastic

Answer 39

alteration in muscle tone. affected by muscle spasm

Question 40

Unilateral Neglect

Answer 40

Hemispacial neglect. Neuro psychological condition where deficit in attention and awareness of one side of space is observed.

Question 41

MRI

Answer 41

Magnetic Resonance Imaging: utilizes magnetic forces to image body structures

Question 42

PET

Answer 42

Potassium emission tomography: color composite picture obtained ater scanning area to determine level of glucose metabolism after dye injection. radioactive flourine

Question 43

Lumbar Puncture

Answer 43

to obtain sample of CSF

Question 44

MRA

Answer 44

Magnetic Resonance Angiography: usez differential signal characteristics of flowing blood to evaluate extra cranial and intracranial blood vessels

Question 45

EEG

Answer 45

Electroencephalogram: measurement of electrical activity of brain

Question 46

Myelogram

Answer 46

Identify lesions in intradural or extradural compartments of spinal canal by observing flow of radio opaque die though subarachnoid space

Question 47

Angiogram

Answer 47

to visualize cerebral arterial system by injecting radio opaque dye

Question 48

Carotid duplex

Answer 48

combo of US and Doppler tech to assess carotid occlusion

Question 49

EMG

Answer 49

Electromyogram: measure contraction of muscle i response to elec stim

Question 50

Echoencephalogram

Answer 50

US to depict intracranial structures of brain

Question 51

Ptosis

Answer 51

droopy eyelids (SS w MG)

Question 52

Clonus

Answer 52

muscular spasm involving repeated, often rhythmic, contractions.

Question 53

fasciculation

Answer 53

a brief, spontaneous contraction affecting a small number of muscle fibers, often causing a flicker of movement under the skin. It can be a symptom of disease of the motor neurons.

Question 54

ARTERITIS

Answer 54

inflam of cranial blood vessel, not arthritis