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► US History > WWII on the Homefront > Flashcards

WWII on the Homefront Flashcards

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1
Q

Wo used capatilism and wealth to sell the war effort to the Amercian people?

A

Secretary of Treasury Henry Morgen

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2
Q

What was the increase in AA pop in Seatle?

A

4,000-40,000

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3
Q

OMW?

A

necessity of incresed production required govt interaction with and directin of industrial production

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4
Q

How many JA served in the military and on what team?

A

18,000

442 combat team

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5
Q

What was the first solution for paying the war?

A

Money was borrowed

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6
Q

What happened when racial tensions developed in the country?

A

Race riots took plae

Detroit had the largest killing 25 blacks and 9 whites in 1943

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7
Q

What was the US case to stop internment camps?

A

Korematsu v US

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8
Q

While war expanded oppurtunities for most, what were blacks expected to do?

A

fill service roles in the war effort

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9
Q

What was Hitler’s final solution?

A

6 milion Jews dead

Several mill other holocaust victims

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10
Q

How much did Congress each surviving internee in 1988?

A

$20,000

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11
Q

How many NA served in the armed forces?

A

25,000

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12
Q

What were women still responsible for?

A

traditional chores

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13
Q

Who depended on Bracerolaboreres?

A

farmers

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14
Q

What was the cost of WWII per day?

A

$250 mill

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15
Q

By the millions, American citizens supported the war effort by doing what?

A

rationing their concumption of vital goods

new spending habits, pocket books, women baseball, new music, movies

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16
Q

AAlthough rtioning and conservatoin helped, how did the govt need to get millions from?

A

borrowing

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17
Q

What were volunteer activites?

A

air raid wardens
collection drives were organized to recycle many different goods
children served as tin can colonels or uncle sam’s scrappers

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18
Q

Zoot Suit Riots (1943)?

A

Several thousand off duty Mexican American soldiers and sailors joined by hundred white civilians rampaged through downtown Los Angeles assulting Hispanics, blacks, and Filipino

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19
Q

How did many show their support for the war?

A

Buying war bonds

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20
Q

Office of Censorship?

A

designed to promote patrotism and influene public opinion
eamined letters going overseas
causualty figures from pearl harbor were not initially reported
photos of american war dead prohibited for a while
Later the media was encouraged to publicize accounts of Japanese autrocities vs US

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21
Q

What was Executive Order 9066?

A

110,000 JA were relocated into internment camps
2/3 were US citizens
Most camps were in the remote parts of the west

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22
Q

What did the Revenue Act show the growth of?

A

govt power in war time

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23
Q

How did the automobile industry mobilize?

A

Chrysler:tanks (50,000 tanks)
Ford: Jeeps and planes (288,000 jeeps and one plane was created in 63 minutes)

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24
Q

What happened to wages for all workers?

A

at least doubed during the war

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25
Q

What was the OPA slogan?

A

Use it up, wear it out, make it do, or do without

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26
Q

Rosie the Riveter?1

A

Iconic image of woman dressed in overalls who became the symbol women in the male workforce launched by the govt

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27
Q

What were some jobs that women had?

A

shipbuilders
welders
airplane manufacturer

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28
Q

What was the Bracero program?

A

Increased employment for Mexican Americans farm workers

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29
Q

What was the Supreme Court case that got rid of internment camps?

A

Korematsu v US

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30
Q

What was the divorces in 1940 and 1944?

A

16 divorces/ 100 marriges

27 divorces/100 marriges

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31
Q

What was the US debt in 1945?

A

247 bill

half came from citizens

32
Q

What happened in regard to children?

A

Highschool enrollment dropped

juvenille deliquency increased

33
Q

John Keynes?

A

deficit spending

war bonds, bank loans, private investors

34
Q

What were many new women workers?

A

married

35
Q

Office of Price Administration?

A

OPA

in charge of rationing and was empowere to establish price controls to counteract the war time inflation

36
Q

Who were used as Code Talkers?

A

Navajo

37
Q

What did FDR do with Randolph’s march?

A

Set up Fair Employment Practices Commisson to halt inequality

38
Q

How many people were in the armed forces in 1941 and 1945?

A

1.6 million

15 mill men and 350,000 women

39
Q

What happened to marragies, divorce, and birthrate?

A

increased

40
Q

What was the Revenue Act?

A

Instituted witholding taxes
Tax rates for all was increased
The national govt generated 20 times the tax revenue in 1945 than it had in 1940

41
Q

War Productions Board?

A

WBA
produced more military goods than Germany, Italy, Japan combined
Conversio of economy from civilian to military suplies

42
Q

To foster industrial production, who realized tha industry must be allowed to make a profit on the production of war material?

A

Secretary of War Henry Stimson

43
Q

What did the Revenue Act do?

A

increased the numer of Americans paying taxes

44
Q

OPA?

A

limitation on consumer goods became necessary as production was geared toward military needs

45
Q

How was unemployment?

A

very low

46
Q

What did the Wildcat strikes influence?

A

Smith Connally Act

limited strikes

47
Q

Where did many NA leave to work at defense plants?

A

reservations

48
Q

While fighting for democracy overseas, many black activists advocated what?

A

increased democracy and racial equality at home

Double V campain

49
Q

Why did some AA leave the south?

A

hoped to leave discrimination and Jim Crow laws

50
Q

What expectations were women put on?

A

wives
mothers
sex objects

51
Q

What is Executive ORder 8802?

A

Prohibited race discrimination in the defense industry

52
Q

How many blacks left the south to go to the north for war industries?

A

700,000

53
Q

What did the average wages increase to each year?

A

$457 to $1976

54
Q

War production caused employment oppurtunities to expand. What did this end?

A

GD

55
Q

Who issued a formal apolgy to internment victims in 1982?

A

Govt Comission

56
Q

How many tanks did the Michigan plant m;ake?

A

22,000

Germany had 25,000 total

57
Q

American Civil Labor Union?

A

Tries to get the liberties back from the 9066

Tries to get liberties back when they are infringed on

58
Q

What put question to American values?

A

internment of Japanese
challenges to civil liberties
debtes over race and segregation
the decision to drop the A bomb

59
Q

Between 1941-1945, how many women joined the workforce?

A

over 6 mill

60
Q

What did the Opa create?

A

rationbooks
each family had one
items that were rationed were: sugar, cheese, coffee, rubber, gasoline
National speed limit was 35 mph

61
Q

What program did the US negotiate in 1942 for Hispanics?

A

Braceroprogram

62
Q

What were Wildcat Strikes?

A

protest low pay and shortage of vital goods for domestic economy

63
Q

What was teh second solution for paying the wa?

A

Revenue Act 1942

64
Q

Who ran the WBA?

A

Don Nelson

former head of Sears and Roebuck

65
Q

What ended the GD and helped minorities and women improve their social positions?

A

Mass mobilization of American society to supply troops for the war efforts and have a workforce on the homefront

66
Q

Congress of Racial Equality (1942)?

A

Created Civil Rights Organization during WWII that comitted itself to using nonviolent techniues to end racial segregation

67
Q

How many AA served in teh armed forces in segregated units?

A

million

68
Q

Following the attacks of Pearl Harbor, who did many americans blame?

A

JA

69
Q

A Philip Randolf?

A

Blck leader who organized a march on DC in 1941 to pressure FDR to issue an executive order to ban discrimination industries
Executive Order 8802

70
Q

What was the increase in AA pop in Detroit?

A

Increased by 50,000

71
Q

Why were workers getting little while industrilists were getting rich?

A

price nd wage fixing of OPA

72
Q

What happened to the states?

A

Industry states grew as agri states population decreased

73
Q

How did the US contribute to WWII?

A

victories over fascism

new opurtunities for women and minorities

74
Q

What was the US debt in 1941?

A

48 bill

75
Q

Japanese American Internment (1942)?

A

Executive Order 9066
FDR autoritzed the removal of enemy aliends from miitary areas
Over 110,000 JA living in western US were moved to nternment camps, except Hawaii

► US History (46 decks)

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