APUSH 4.2 Flashcards
What developments precipitated in profound changes in US settlement patterns, regional idenites, gender, and family structures, political power, and distributuion of consumer goods?
technology in agriculture and commerce
A global market and communications revolution, influence by technilogical innovations led to what?
dramatic shifts in nature of agriculture and manufactoring
What technilogical innovations increased efficenicy and extended markets?
Textile machines Steam engines Interchangable parts Canals Railroads Telegraph
What did textile machines do?
made production faster (Spinning Jenny)
What did steam engines do?
allowed boats to go against the current
What did interchangable parts do?
increased production (Eli Whitney)
What did canals do?
shipped goods further (Erie Canal)
What happened to railroads?
increased drastically
What did telegraph do?
information spread more rapidly
Who was the father of the factory system?
Samuel Slater
What did more and more Americans shift from?
Subsistence farming to producing goods
What did entrepreneurs focus on?
financing
What was the name of the factory system in MA where daughters worked in factories in 8 hour shifts and lived in houses and dormatories?
Lowell system
Regional economic specialization, especially the demands of cultivationg southern cotton, shaped what?
settlement patterns
the national ad international economy
What were the impacts of cotton?
Raw material used in textile production in the northeast
Economic ties incresed (specialization for each region)
Trade with European countries (Britain France) shaped international economy
The internal slave trade increased as demands for slaves increased
Did unified national economy ever fully come to fruition?
no
Who was linked together more than with the south?
North and middle
What was Henry Clay’s 3 parts?
1) Internal Improvemnts - road, canals, etc
2) Tariffs (1816) goal was use to fund internal improvements
3) Bank of US
How did the American system have its eritics?
inter v. intra
state trade
Who vetoed the Maysville Road
Andrew Jackson
What were the two impacts of seeking natural resources?
Free migration of people
Forced migration of people
Why was their free migration of people?
Populations grew
Threats were removed (War of 1812)
more Americans expanded west
Why was their forced migration of people?
Slavery expanded farther and farther west (Civil War starter)
Native Americans-Indian Removal Act and Trail of Tears
How did unions begin?
Commonwealth v. Hunt - MA State Supreme Court decision ruling that labor unions were legal
When did labor unions become more populat?
In the later years
The economic changes caused by the market revolution had significant effects on what?
migration patterns
gender and family relations
distribution of political power
What increased american migration westward?
Canals (Erie), roads
What else did canals and roads do besides helped migration westward?
Shipments of goods
What did new communities replace?
Old family and local relationships
What developed under new community systems?
churches
schools
taverns
What played an instrumental role in new communites?
religion (gatherings for Bible readings)
Where did immigrants from Europe tend to settle?
East and Midwest
What did immigrants moving to the east and midwest increase?
interdependence between northeast and Old Northwest
What did Germans do?
lived in Ohio as farmers
What did Irish do?
urban workers in cities (Potato famine in 1840s to 1850s)
How did the south remain distinct culturally?
Plantations helped define the region - so economically profitable
How did the south remain distinct politically?
Plantation owners had significant power; laws protected and reinforced slavery
What did many wealthy whites view themselves as?
Aristocrats
How did the south remain distinct in ideologically?
Honor in the south was different in the south than north (dwelling persisted)
Who was the defender of slavery, said to women “Women, like children, have but one right, and tht is teh right to be protected.” The right of protection involves the right to obey?
George Fitzhugh
Exports to Europe fueled what?
economic growth
What were the results of the Market revolution?
Gap between rich and poor increased
New emerging middle class
Home and workplace become more seperate
Gender and family roles and expectations changed drastically
Did people begin to work outside their home more often?
yes
What was the Cult of Domesticty?
Seperate spheres for women
Expectation was to be subordinate to men and raise children
Who was an abolitonist and womens rights activist?
Lydia Maria Child
What became a major focus for many political leader stances on several issues?
Sectionalism, not nationalism
How was sectionalism a major focus for many political leader stances for slavery?
increasing tensions between north and south as teh late 19th century went on (Fugitive slave law)
How was sectionalism a major focus for many political leader stances for the National Bank?
Northeast tended to be for the BUS
South was against
How was sectionalism a major focus for many political leader stances for internal improvemnets?
West was not developed as other areas
How was sectionalism a major focus for many political leader stances for tariffs?
Favored by north manufactorers
disliked by south
