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► US History > APUSH 2.1 > Flashcards

APUSH 2.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Differences in imperal goals, cultures, and the North American enviorment s that different empires confronted led Europeans to develop what?

A

Diverse patterens in colonization

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2
Q

What resulted by 17th century spanish, french, dutch, and bitish colonizers embracing different social and economic goals, cultural assumptions, and folkways?

A

varied models of colonization

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3
Q

Europeans developed a variety of colonizationand migration patterns influenced by what?

A

Different imperial goals
cultures
varied north american enviorment where they settled and the compitition between other countries and natives

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4
Q

Spanish, French, Dutch, and British colonizers had different economic and imperial goals involving land labor that shaped what?

A

social and political development of their colonies as well as their relationships with native populations

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5
Q

Who establised strict control ovr coloniztion and conversion and expointed many natives?

A

Spain

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6
Q

What was a major goal of Spain?

A

To make money

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7
Q

Where does all trade must go through?

A

A few Spanish controlled ports

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8
Q

Small amounts of Spainards ruled waht kind of people?

A

Indengenous people

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9
Q

What did Spain sought to do to Natives?

A

Convert them to Christianity
Force them into the Encomienda system
Use them as trading partners

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10
Q

Who sent few Europeans to the New World and built relationships with the Natives?

A

France and Dutch

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11
Q

Who intermarried with natives and built extensive trading partners with them?

A

France

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12
Q

What does coureurs de bois mean?

A

French fur traders (trade beaver furs; would live among natives)

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13
Q

Who also built extensive trade routes mainly in NY?

A

Dutch

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14
Q

The Netherlands encouraed settlement where?

A

New World

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15
Q

Who encouraged a large number of both male and female (unlike most european countires) immagrnts to go to the New World?

A

England

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16
Q

Why did English immagrants come to America?

A

Sought economic prosperity
religious freedom (Puritans)
better living conditions (overpopulation)

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17
Q

What were English colonies based on?

A

Agriculture

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18
Q

What became a large cash crop in English colonies?

A

Tobacco

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19
Q

What system encouraged English immagrats to come to America (benifitted the wealthy)?

A

Headright system

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20
Q

Unlike the French and Spanish, did the English want to live with or sepretely with native americans?

A

Seperately

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21
Q

What conflicts did the English have with ntives?

A

Powhatans, Bacon’s Rebellion, Pequot War, King Phillips War

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22
Q

In the 17th century, early British colonies developed along the Atlantic coast with regional differences that reflected various what?

A

Enviormental, economic, cultural, and demographic features

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23
Q

Chesepeake and North Carolina colones relied heavily on what?

A

Tobacco (long work days and growing seasons)

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24
Q

In the Chesapeake and NC colonies, exhasted lands led to what?

A

Expnsion and conflicts with natives

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25
Q

In the Chespeake and NC colonies, who made up the labor forces in 17th century?

A

Indentured servents

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26
Q

In the Chespeake and NC colonies, what happened after Bacon’s rebellion?

A

there was a switch to African slavery

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27
Q

Who established the New England colonies?

A

Puritas (wanted to urify the Anglican church by John WInthrop)

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28
Q

New England colonies estabished small towns with waht?

A

schools

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29
Q

How many families were needed in order to establish a school?

A

50

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30
Q

Where extended families common?

A

yes

31
Q

WHat were New England colonies known for?

A

Agriculture, fishing, commerce

32
Q

What city became a major port city?

A

Boston

33
Q

What was the enviorment like in New England?

A

Colder climate, Rocky terrain (made large plantations difficult)

34
Q

Middle Colonies tended to be more diverse how?

A

Demographically, reliously, and ethically

35
Q

What relion had relious tolerance?

A

Quakers in Penn (William Penn)

36
Q

Did women have more rights and equal positions in church (Quakers)?

A

yes

37
Q

Where were immagrants from in the Middle colonies?

A

Germany

38
Q

What was the economy based on in the Middle Colonies?

A

Exportaion of cereal crops (wheat

39
Q

What was a major staple crop in South Carolina and Georgia?

A

Rice

40
Q

What were labor days like in the Southern colones?

A

Very arduous, long days and long growing season

41
Q

Because there were many white laborers who refused to work in rice fields in the SOuthern colonies and west indies, what increased?

A

slave labor

42
Q

In West Indies (Barbadoes), what w a major part of society?

A

sugar cultrivation

43
Q

Was slavery lightly used in South Carolina and Georgia?

A

No, it was heavily used

44
Q

In many instances in the Southern colonies and West Indies, who made up the majority of the population?

A

Slaves

45
Q

What were the slave codes?

A

laws to regulate slave behavior

46
Q

What gave incredible power to slave owners?

A

Slave codes

47
Q

Emergance of demcratic, self goverment in the British colonies was caused by what?

A 
Distance from Britian
Lax attension (Salutary Neglect- "hands off" approch to the colonies)
48
Q

How was the New England colonial goverment made?

A

Town meetings –> elected legislators (white men who owned land could vote)

49
Q

Who dominated Southern colonial goverment assemblies?

A

Planters

50
Q

What was the first representve goverment in British colonies, many members were elite plantaion owners?

A

Virginia House of Burgesses

51
Q

Competition over resource between European rivals and American Indieans encouraged what?

A

Industry and trade ad led to conflict in the Americas

52
Q

What was the Atlantic economy?

A

Exchange of goods, African American and Natives between Europe, Africa, and Americas

53
Q

Where did European colonis focused on producing goods to?

A

Europe (Mercantilism)

54
Q

Goods that were valued in Europe where exported from ehere?

A

The colonies (fur, tobacco, etc)

55
Q

Who were the new sources of labor?

A

Native American indentured servants and African slave labor

56
Q

What were the impacts of trade on Natives?

A

Culture chnges: Natives lost land, many Europeans sought to asimulate them
Economic changes: land was lost and altered by Europeans
Demographic changes: drastic decrease in popualtion from diseases

57
Q

Did Natives and Europeans fostered (promoted growth of) accommodation and conflict?

A

yes

58
Q

Europeans allied with Native groups against who?

A

Opposing native groups (pequot war, Metacom’s war)

59
Q

British were able to offer more _ to natives, but French were more _ of natives (intermarried).

A

goods; tolerant

60
Q

During the French Indian War, who did most natives side with?

A

France (except inquois)

61
Q

What is the other name for the French Indian War?

A

7 Years war

62
Q

Did both Europeans and colonizers increasingly trust each other?

A

No, they distrust each other

63
Q

Why couldnt Britian colonists expand after the French Indian war?

A

England forbade it

64
Q

What became a major issue seen in Bacon’s rebellion?

A

Frontier defense

65
Q

What divided Europeans and colonists?

A

Trade

66
Q

What did coonists do to get around British taxes?

A

smuggled

67
Q

What were British and Native American conflicts caused by?

A

Competition over land
resources
boundries

68
Q

British and Native American conflicts led to what military conflicts?

A

Metacom’s War [King Philips war (Conflicts between Natives and British colonists resulted in natives being defeated and they werent much of a threat to England)]

69
Q

What was a revolt where Pueblo Indins successfully overthrew the Spanish for 12 years?

A

Pueblo Revolt

70
Q

What happened after the Spainish regained control after the Puebo revolt?

A

They became more accommodating to Native AMerican culture, paritcually religion

71
Q

What did the Dutch call their new colony?

A

New Netherland

72
Q

Did England forbid people from other colonies?

A

No, they encouraged it

73
Q

What two states make up the Chesepeake colonies?

A

Virginia and Maryland

► US History (46 decks)

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