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► US History > APUSH 3.2 > Flashcards

APUSH 3.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

In the late 18th century, new experiments with democratic ideas and republican forms of goverment, as well as other new religious, economic, and cultural idea, challenged what?

A

Traditional imperial systems across the world

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2
Q

During the 18th century, new ideas about politics and society led to debates about religion and goverence and ultimately inspired what?

A

Experiments with new government structures

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3
Q

Protestant Evangelical religious fervor (1st Great Awakening) helped promote what?

A

New American Idenity

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4
Q

What was the effect of the new American idenity?

A

Less of a focus on Anglican church (10,000 colonists converted)
Appealed to women and younger sons (those who were not given as much land as first born son)
New Lights challenged Old Lights

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5
Q

What did Enlightenment inspire American political thinkers to emphasize on?

A

Individual talent over hereditary privilege

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6
Q

Simular to the Great Awakening, what else challenged traditional authoirty?

A

Enlightenment

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7
Q

Who was an Enlightenment thinker that advocated legal and political equality for all, as well as the end of special privilages for elites?

A

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

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8
Q

After the Revolutionary War, what was outlawed in many states?

A

primogeniture

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9
Q

Who inherits most, if not all, of property?

A

Eldest son

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10
Q

Colonial legislatures allowed for significant amounts of what?

A

self government (which most colonists held dear)

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11
Q

What result from Britain taxing more to colonists?

A

Colonists resisted the acts

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12
Q

Colonists were okay with _ _ taxes, not _ taxes.

A

Colonial legislature; Parliment

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13
Q

Were colonial legislatures elected by colonists?

A

Yes

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14
Q

Was Parliment elected by colonists?

A

no

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15
Q

What was Thomas Paines Common Sense?

A

Challenged KG3
it was common sense to break from the corrupt monarch
Little island couldnt rule large continent

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16
Q

What was the Declaration of Independence?

A

Inspired by Enlightenment ideas (Locke, Paine)

All men had the natural rights of Life Liberty and Pursuit of Happiness

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17
Q

What were the Articles of Confederation and State Constitutions?

A

Feared strong centralized goverment (Britain)
Articles and state Constitutions had strong legislature branches
Property requirements for voting and citizenship - fear the masses

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18
Q

After experiencing the limitations of the Articles of Confederation, America political leaders wrote a new Constitution based on what?

A

Principles of feudalism
Seperation of powers
crafted Bill of Rights
continued debating about the proper balance between liberty and order

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19
Q

What was the challenge of trade under the Articles?

A

each state could place tariffs on goods from otehr states - discouraged trade between states

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20
Q

What was teh challenge of finances under the Articles?

A

Each state could coin its own money, differing values, high inflaction in some states, also discouraged trade (some states had debt from Rev war; Fedural goverment couldnt require taxes)

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21
Q

What were the challenges under the Articles?

A

Trade
Finances
Foreign relations
Internal unrest

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22
Q

What was teh challege of Foreign relations under the articles?

A

Britain refused commerical treaties with US
Congress could not control commerce (Sanctions against Britain)
Spain- cut off access to Mississippi river
Both countries supplied indians with weapons

23
Q

What was the challenges of internal unrest under the articles?

A

Shay’s Rebellion: MA farmers demanded debt relief, attacked court houses

24
Q

The challenges under the Articles helped many Americans realize stronger _ _ was needed.

A

Central government

25
Q

What were the 2 Compromises at the Constitutional convention?

A

Great Compromise (Conneticut Compromise) and 3/5 Compromise

26
Q

What was the Great/Conneticut compromise?

A

Roger Sherman
Combined VA plan (large states) and NJ plan (small states)
Created bicameral system
A census would be taken every 10 years to determine population

27
Q

What was the 3/5 Compromise?

A

For the purpose of representation, 3/5 slaves woud count as 1 person in South

28
Q

Both Great and 3/5 Compromse settled issues of what?

A

Representation

29
Q

What was there a limit on under the constitiution?

A

Federal power

30
Q

What is the division of power between state and federal goverment?

A

Federalism

31
Q

What did Federalism do?

A

Gave Specific powers for both the federal and state governments

32
Q

Why was the constitution finally radified?

A

Federalists (those who favored the constitiution) promised to add Bill of Rights that protected liberties

33
Q

What as added shortly after the constitution was ratified?

A

first 10 admendments

34
Q

Political parties emerged over what issues?

A

Relationship between national goverment and states
Economic policy
Foreign affairs

35
Q

What happened within relatonships between national governments and states?

A

Federalists favored stronger national governments
Democrates/Republicans favored a smaller government
VA and KY Resolutions

36
Q

What are the VA and KY resolutions?

A

belief that states could nulify federal laws

37
Q

What happened within economic policies?

A

Hamilton’s Financial Plan (Federalists) would strengthen the federal goverment
The creation of the BUS wasnt mentioned in Constitution
Hamilton argues Necessary and Proper or elsastic clauses

38
Q

What happened within forein affairs?

A

Federalists favored Britain (trade)

Democratic and Repulicans favored France (saw French Rev as an extension to American Rev)

39
Q

While the new government continued to limit rights of some groups, ideas promoting _ _ and _ _ reverberated around the world.

A

Self goverment; personal liberty

40
Q

What was the push for equality after the Revolutionary Wr?

A

Some individuals called for abolition of slavery

Increased calls for greater political democracy

41
Q

What was teh impact of some individuals calling for abolition of slavery?

A

Pennsylvania’s Gradual Abolition Law (1780)
All children born in PA would be free regardless of the parents
Prohibited importation of slaves into PA
Model for other northern states to follow

42
Q

What was the impact of increased calls for greater political democracy?

A 
Abigal Adams (Remember the Ladies)
Judith Sargent Murrey advocated education for females
43
Q

Did the Constitutional framers create a solution to slavery?

A

No they postponed it

44
Q

Since slavery was allowed in the Constitution, what did it lead to?

A

Conflicts in 19th century

Civil War

45
Q

What was the influence of the American Revolution and Declaration of Independence?

A

Inspired Revolutions across the world

  • French Revolution in 1789
  • Haiti (Toussint L’ Ouverture helped Haiti gain independence in 1804)
  • Latin America (many Spanish colonies gained independence in the early 19th century)
46
Q

What was the Republican Motherhood?

A

Women were expected to instil republican values in children and families
Increased educational oppurtunities in women

47
Q

Who were the federalist’s against?

A

anti-federalists

48
Q

What was written to advocate the radification of the constitution?

A

Federalist papers

49
Q

What was established by Washington and Adams?

A

Institutions and precedents

50
Q

What was created by Washington and Adams under institutions and precedents?

A

2nd term tradition (until 22 amendments by Washington)
creation of cabinet
creation of the Bank of US (BUS) Alexander Hamilton

51
Q

What was the national idenity seen through art?

A

Gilbert Stuart - painted portriats of the first 6 presidents

52
Q

What was the national idenity seen through literature?

A

Focused on freedom and defining the goverment (Jefferson’s Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom)

53
Q

What was the national idenity seen through architecture?

A

Jefferson and Moricello

Pierre Charles L’Enfant and DC

► US History (46 decks)

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