1920 Quiz Flashcards
What are the other nmaes for 1920s?
Roaring 20s and Jazz Age
What was born in the 20s?
Modern America
Was the 20s a good or bad change for Amerian society?
good
How did the census reflect an urban society?
people had mived into cities to enjoy a higher standard of living
Why was it the age of prosperity?
economic expnsion mass production assembly line age of the automobile poor agriculture
What kind of depression in early 20s contributed to the urban migration?
agri
Where did US farmers lose agri markets to?
post war Europe
As agri effenciency increased, what else happened?
more food was produced and fewer laborers needed
What did bankers do when farming was no longer as prosperious?
called in their loans
farms repossessed
WHo entered the depression in advance to the rest of society?
American farmers
What social class were black americans in?
poverty
WHat kept blacks in “slavery”?
sharecropping
When did boll weevil wipe ot the cotton crops
1915
What happened to blacks when white land owners went bankrupt?
balcks were forced off their lands
What ws the Great Migration?
Blacks wernt north for industrial jobs
What kind of communities were in north for blacks?
ghettos
balck culture flourished there
WHat did both black and white want toward cultural interchange?
restriction
WHat did Marcus Garvey do?
Universal Negro Improvement Association
beleived in black pride
advocated racial segregation because of black superiority
Blacks should return to Africa
He purchaedd a ship to start the Black star line
Attracted many inestments; govt charged him with fraud
Found guilty and deported to Jamacia but his organizaiton continued
What did President Harding do?
Elected 1920
Legacy of Scandals
Teapot Dome
Died in office
What did President Coolidge do?
Fordney-McCumber Tariff
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
No help for farmers
Forein Policy
What was the culture like in the 20s?
Silent Movies (Charlie Chaplin)
Talkies (Jazz Singer Starring AL Solson)
Mary Pickford (AMerica Sweetheart)
O’Neill (movies)
Who were some famous celebraties?
Babe Ruth baseball
Ty Cobb Baseball
Jack Dempsey (boxer)
Charles Lindergh (Spirit of St Louis)
What were flappers like?
Short skirt
Publically smoked
What were some musicians?
Louis Armstrong
Duke Ellington
What were some writers?
Fitzgerald
Hemingway
Lewis
What was the 19th amendment?
Gave women the right to vote in 1919
Where did women tend to work out of after the 20s?
outside of home
What did women do more with education?
went to college and wanted to join professions
What did women not want to sacrifice?
wartime gains-amounted to social revolt
What were women cahracterized by?
Flapper or new woman
bobbed hair, smoked in public, short dress
What act was passed as antiimmigraion?
national origins act
discrimination
What happpened in the Sacco Vanzetti Trail?
Italian immigants
unfair trial
Where did the point of origin hsift to?
South and East Europe
Jewish, Orthodox, Catholic
What did Northern European immigrants of 19 century fear?
the shift to S and E Europe immigrants
Undermine Protestant values (Nativism)
What did the fear of immigrants from S and E Europe lead to?
Blck Scare (fear of communimsmpost Bolshevik Rev)
What was the fear of basic communism advocates making an international revolution by the workers?
Fears that this ideology could find its way into the US
What was going on with Wilson during the Black Scare?
ill with strokes
Who wanted to take a shot at presidency when Wilson was ill?
His attorney general Mitchell Palmer
he used fears of both immigraion and communism to his advantage
What did Palmer use Hoover for?
round up suspected radicals
many were deproted (Palmer Riots)
What was the KKK against?
blacks immigraiton semitic catholic women suffrage bootlegging
What was the Scopes Monkey Trail?
Science vs Relgion
John Scopes Bio teacher
Dayton, Tenn
What act was passed for Prohibition?
Volstead Act
What is prohibition?
on manufactored and sale of alcohol
What ws the prohibition an outgrowth of?
long term temperance movement
What was the relatin between WWI and temperance movemtn?
patriotic movement
Drunkeness caused low productivity and inefficentcy and alcohol needed to treat wounded
Why was the temperance movemnt a difficult law to enforce?
organized crimes, speakeasies, bootleggers were on the rise
Who virtually controlled Chicago in this period?
Al Capone
capitalism on the rise
When did Prohibition end?
1933 with the 21 amendment
What did Lindburgh do?
FLew from NYC to Paris in a single engine airplane by himself for the first tiem
The Spirt of St Louis was the name of his plane
Pulitzer Prize winner
What was the first talkie?
The Jazz singer
What bug destroyed the cotton crop in 1915?
boll weevil
What percent of money were to the rich?
60%
How many RR workers striked and waht resulted?
343,000
Scabs took their places
What kind of government was Harding?
Lassiez Faire
When were wages fixed?
WWI
What was Hardings campain slogan?
return to normalsy
What did Harding want for America?
rejected LON
Liked isolaiton
Cooliage and Hoover liked this
What was the Mellon Plan?
1923
Reduce income tax
Conary was outraged
It passed and foreign products had heavy tax
European countires could not get money back
What went on with Harding and his cabinet scandels?
Albert Fall
Teapot Dome: Fall transfered the land to oil company for private money
What happened when Harding died in office?
Cooliage took office
Silent Cal
Who was elected president in 1924?
Cooliage
What percent of the world wealth was in America?
40%
What did low interest rates increase?
building boom
more loans
How many automobiles were created in the 20s due to the automobile boom?
23 mill
What other industries did the automobile industry help?
steel, glass, rubber
What rose from automobiles?
suburbs
What is scientific management?
working more efficency in less time
Why did farmers go bankrupt?
interests from loans
Did homes not have electricity?
No, more homes had more electricity
Who wer better off than farmers?
Urban areas
What increased by the 20s?
Wages
What did chain stores sell?
premade clothes
Where were the new stores to buy everything you needed?
Supermarkets
What did AMericans have more time for?
leisure
What did Lindburgh capture the imagination of and what was the result?
flying
passenger airplanes stated (43 airlines)
Why was there a period of tension between Americans?
Fear of communism, socialism, nd anarchists
Sacco & Vensalli were onviced for a crime they did not do
What did Americans think about immigrants and jobs?
they were stealing the jobs
What was the Natinal Origin Act?
Immigration Laws
Southern, Eastern Europe and Japan were affected
What were the KKK?
Not American and Protestant were shunned 4 mill members Native, whte protestent, superiority ended when an official was arrested Only 50,000 members remained
Where did most people live?
Urban areas, not rural
What was the 18th amendment?
prohibiton supported by rural people
What are speakeasies?
secret bars
What are bootleggers?
Smuggled alcohol
How long did Prohibition last?
13 years
Where was Jazz born?
New Orleans
What moved Jazz north and where did it land?
Great Migration
Harlem Renissance
Where did women get their news from?
radio
By 1925, what industry was the 4th largest?
movie
How were women wages compared to men?
lower
What was educaiton like in the 20s?
more were literate and more went to highschool
How much did Americans spend on entertainment?
4.5 bill
What made the economy fall?
Great Depression
Roaring 20s?
Marked by a wave of new lifestyle and ideas
Movie industries produced new celebraties
jazz music flourished
literature flourished
flappers defined a socaial trend
America began to stray from tradition values
Prosperity?
Refers to the economic stability and oppurtunity expierenced during the 1920s
Inventions of new consumer goods and home electric electric products contributed to this
Boom in electric industry
growth in oriented bui
snessexpansionist regarding American capitalism
Boom strated with invention of automobile
KDKA Pittsburg?
First successful radio station in the US started Nov 2, 1920
Broadcasted the news of the president Harding Election
Influenced the Federal Radio Commission
Women’s Christin Temperance Movement?
Formed 1874
Grew in momentum during the progressive era
Occured because the war with Germany fermented wider suport for the movement
By 1917, it established prohibition in 19 states
Mafrcus Garvey?
Universal Negro Improvement Association
Black natonalist leader who created the Back to Africa Movement in the US
1907 he led a printers strike for higher wages at a printing compant in Kingston
1914 he founded the UNIA
1916 started the newspaper Negro World
Langston Hughes?
Harlem Renaissance
American writer known for the use of jazz and black folk rhymes in his poetry
Used musical rhyms and the traditions of balcks culture in his poetry
1920s he was a prominent figure in Harlem Renaissance
and was a poet Laureate of Harlem
Harlem Renissance refers to balck cultural developemtn
Movement depended on the patronge of white people
Henry Ford?
Model T Completed first automobile in 1893 1903 started ford motor company 1908 started productin of model T 1913 began using standardized interchangable parts adnd assembly lines in his plants
Babe Ruth?
Most popular baseball player ever
He began 1914on Baltimore team of the international
Jazz Age?
General Label of what the 20s represented
reflects the revolution in music during this time when jazz became popular and in style
refers to prosperity and liberation of people in this time
good times
The Lost Generation?
Refers to Americans writers that lived in Paris
Bitter about WWI experiences
Disenfranchised with the decade
Hemingway, Fitzgerald, Williams
New generation rebels agaisn last gen
Seemed to be expatriates
Never formed a movemnt byt individually were influencal
Scott Fitzgerald?
Great Gatsby Wrote the book in 5 months in 1925 Plot was sensitive and satiric story of success and collapse of American dream Lost Generation bitter from the effects of war
Earnest Hemingway?
A Farewell to Arms
Hemingway’s novels depicted the lives of men and women who are deprived of faith by WWI; and mena of simple character and primitive emotions
Also wrote The sun also rises
New Woman?
Post war behavior had a liberating effect on women
Women were notcied more for sex appeal and in the advertising industry as such
Domestic chores were taken care of with nre technology
More liberatied attitude
Flappers?
leave theri boot flaps open
independent and representing the rebellious youth of the age
bobbed hair, smoked, heavy makeup, short skirt
steryotype of women in the 1920s
WASP?`
WHite Anglo-Saxon Protestant upper class white people
1st Red Scare?
American Public was scared that communism would come into the US
Left winged supporteers were suspected
This fear of communsim helped businessmen who used it to stop labor strikes
Sacco and Vanzetti Case:
Sacco was a shoe worker and Vanzetti was a fish peddler
Both convicted of murdering a Massacucous paymaster and his guard in 1921
They were supported by LIberals and Radicals
Case lasted 6 years and resulted in execution based on weak evidence
Mainly because Americans were xenophobic
KKK?
Ku Klux Klan
Antiforeign group
It was against all groups that did not have a protestant background
They were most prevalent in the Midwest and So;uth
THey became less popular when Klan officials were caught embezzeling money
Monkey Trials?
Scopes trial
Religion vs Science
Hih school biology teacher
Volstead Act?
Law that established a Prohibition Bureau within the Treasury Department
It was under budgeted and largely ineffective especially in strongly anti prohibition states
Emergancy Quota Act?
1921
Legislation that limited migration to 3% of the people of their nationality living in the US in 1910
Xenophobia?
Fear of foreigner
Harlem Renissance?
A period in the 1920s when blacks achievement in arts and music and literature flourished
Consumerism?
A movement advocating greater production of the interest of consumers
19th Amendment?
women suffrage 1920
21st Amendment?
Repeal 18th amendment
prohibition was no longer required by law
Federal Radio Commission?
1927
Created by Congress and extend the pronciple of governmtn regulation of buisness activity to the radio industry
Ex of progressive spirit in the legislative branch nad its effect on society
Anti Saloon League?
Formed during Progressive era
Spurred from Women Christian Temperance movement
Encouraged the legal abolition of alcohol
Result: prohibition 18th amendment
What is the other name for bootlegger?
Rum runner
National Women’s Party?
Alice Paul
Lobbied for equal rghts amendment in the Constitution
Other feminits, radicals, and other labor activits condemned Paul’s stance
Never succeeded
Cecil B de Mille?
American motion picture director and producer
Joined Lasky and Goldwyn to form Jesse L Laskey Feature Play Company
He directed and produced the first feature film called Squaw Man in 1914
WHat is prohibition nicknamed and what happened?
THe noble experiment
Women responsibility to keep them clean
Rudolph Valentino?
An actor who was idolized by female fans in 20s
First silent film THe Four Horseman of the Apocalypse
but his peak was The Sheik
Charlie Chaplin?
Silent film acotr who appeared in 1914 with the Keystone Film Company
James Weldon Johnson?
Author, lawyor, diplomat
reflected black life in the US
served as field secretary of the NAACP from 1916-1920
He became the NAACP first black executive secretary
Sigmund Freud Theory?
All psycological issue was linked to a sexual issue
The Jazz Singer?
movie that demanded dancers that could fufill the expectation of the 20s
Astair, Balachine, and Berkeley helepd with cheoeography
First talkie
Bruce Barton?
The Man Nobody Inows
Advertising executive described as Jesus because he could pick up 12 men from the bottom and forge them into an organizaiton htat conquered the world
He was refered to publics admination of leaders like Harding
Sinclair Lewis?
Main Street was written in 20s and is where Lewis first developed the theme of monotony, emotional, frust=ration and lack of values in AMerican middle class Babbitt written in 122 comments on how people conform blindly to the standards of the enviorment
H.L Mencken?
Editor for the magazine The American Mercury
He foundejd the mag
Targeted his work at the short coming of deocracy and middle class culture
T.S Eliot?
Won Nobel Prive for his poem The Wasteland
It expressed Eliots concetion of the contrast beteen modern society and societies in the past
Theodore Dreiser?
American Tragedy
Ha great success
He believed in representing life honestly in his fiction and accomplished this through detail of the urban setting in his stories
He protrays his characters as victims of social and economic forces
