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World War II Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did US open up a formal recognition of hte Soviet?

A

Worried about growin power of Germany

Possible trade with Soviet

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2
Q

How did FDR attempt to improve relations with Latin Amecia?

A

Good Neibor Policy

US denounces rmed intervention

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3
Q

Reciprocal Trade Agreement?

A

1934

Reduciton of US tariffs if other countries do the same

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4
Q

During 1930s, what totalitarian regimes emerged?

A

Italy: Mussolini Fascits party comes to power in 1922
Soviet: Stalin
Germany: Hitler and Nazi party come to power in 1933
Japan: Milaristic govt comes to power under Tojo in 1941

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5
Q

What did totalitarian countries begin to do?

A

militarize and expand its borders

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6
Q

How did Japan expand?

A 
1931 
Conquered Manchuria (threatened open door policy)
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7
Q

What did Japan do with the LON?

A

withdrew and built up their navy

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8
Q

What did Italy do with expansion?

A

Attacked Ethiopia in 1935

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9
Q

What was the Nye Commission?

A

1934
Americans were disillustioned with their participation in WWI
Ideology that American bankers and arms manufactorers caused US entry into WWI

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10
Q

Why did Congress pass a series of Neutrality Acts?

A

1935-37
keep the US neutral in the event of conflict
Outlaw arms sales
No loans to nations at war
US could not help out even if a country was the innocent victim of agression

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11
Q

Spanish Civil War?

A

Fascist govt of Francisco Franco overthrew the Loyalist govt

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12
Q

How did Hitler openly violate the Treaty of Versailes?

A

occupied Rhineland (1934)
Built up German military
Annexed Austria (1938)
Demands the sudetenland

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13
Q

Munich Conference?

A

Leaders agree to hand over the Sudetenland to Germany

Hitler agrees to to not demand anymore land

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14
Q

What does the Munich Conference come to symbolize?

A

failed policy of appeasement

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15
Q

When did Japan invade China?

A

1937

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16
Q

What did Japan invading China threaten?

A

Open Door Policy

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17
Q

What ship did Japan sink?

A

US gunboat Panay

Japan quickly apoligized

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18
Q

What did Germany and Soviet sign?

A

Non-agression pact on August 23, 1939

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19
Q

What did the non agression pact between Soviet and Germany allow?

A

Germany to attack Poland without having to worry about a two front war
Hitler and Stalin secretly agree to divide Poland between them

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20
Q

When did Germany invade Poland?

A

Sep 1, 1939

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21
Q

What started WWII?

A

Germany invaded Poland

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22
Q

By June, 1940, Hitler conquered most of what?

A

Europe

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23
Q

What type of policy did US practice until 1941?

A

Neutraliaty but did not want axis to win

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24
Q

Faced with the prospect of Hitler taking over all of Europe, what did congress do?

A

Amend hte Neutrality legislaiton

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25
Q

Neurtrality Acts (1939)?

A

Countires could buy weapons as long as they paid for them in cash and carried them in their own ships (cash and carry)
Helped countries who were victims

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26
Q

What happened June 1940?

A

most of france is defeated

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27
Q

When was the 1st peace time conscription law adovpted?

A

Sept 1940

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28
Q

What happened Aug 1940?

A

Germany began to bomb Britain (Battle of Britain)

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29
Q

What did the Committee to Defend America advocate?

A

helping England and allies

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30
Q

What did America First Committee advocate?

A

Opposed US involvement

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31
Q

Destroyers for Bases?

A

Sept 1940

The US would give England US destroyers in exchange for military cbases in western hemisphere

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32
Q

What was interesting about the Election of 1940?

A

FDR breaks 2 term tradition of Washington and wins an unprecedented 3rd term

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33
Q

What made FDR create the Lend Lease Bill?

A

Threat of Axis power victory

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34
Q

What is the Lend Lease Bill?

A

March 1941
Eliminated the cash carry requirements
Us would send supplies to counties that were victims of agression
By being the “the great arsenal of democracy” the US would avoid having to fight

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35
Q

How was the US not truely neutral?

A

Economic declaration of war

US factories shift to all out war production (bye GD)

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36
Q

What was operation Barbarossa?

A

June 22 1941

Hitler invades Soviet

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37
Q

Allied Convoy system?

A

US begins escorting lend leasse suplies across the atlantic ocean

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38
Q

Atlantic Conference?

A

FDR and Churchill secretly met off the coast of Newfoundland

Atlantic Charter outlined postwar goals

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39
Q

What were the Atlantic Charter postwar goals?

A

Self determination
Free trade
No territorail gains
New collectie security organization

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40
Q

Did US enter WWII from events in Europe?

A

No

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41
Q

Whata did US do alone?

A

Trying to check Japanese expansion in Asia

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42
Q

Who does FDR order embargos against?

A

Japan (Steel, iron, etc)

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43
Q

Who does Japan occupy in July 1941?

A

French Indochina

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44
Q

What does FDR order against Japan?

A

all Japanese assets frozzen and a ban on oil sales

Negotiations occurs between US and Japan

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45
Q

When did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?

A

Dec 7, 1941

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46
Q

Coup?

A

Sudden seize of govt

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47
Q

Mein Kampf?

A

My Struggles

Hitlers blueprint of conquering Europe and outlined how to erraticate jews

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48
Q

Reish Stag?

A

Representatives in govt like Senete

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49
Q

Arschlass?

A

Annex Austria to Germany

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50
Q

Lebenaraum?

A

Additional territory considered by the country

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51
Q

What are the 8 traits of Fascism?

A 
Govt control of media - cencorship
Extreme nationalism
A command economy
Govt control economy
Strict discipline
Rule by a dictator
Blind loyalty to the leader
Use of violence and terror for obedience
Strong military
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52
Q

Wht were the common characteristics for militarism and fascism?

A

intense nationalism and wanting to expand

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53
Q

What effectively ended the isoltionist movment by the US?

A

Attack on Pearl Harbor

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54
Q

How was AMerica already mobilized for war before Pearl Harbor?

A

Selective Service Act

Factories were producing lend lease supplies for allies

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55
Q

WHo were the allied powers?

A 
UK 
Soviet
US
France 
China
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56
Q

Did the federal govt expand or shink compared to WWI and ND?

A

expand

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57
Q

What did WWII bring to the homefront?

A

huge mobilization

58
Q

What did WWII end?

A

Great Depression

59
Q

War Producitons Board?

A

allocated resources for hte war effort

60
Q

Office of Price Admin?

A

froze prices, wages, and rationed goods such as meat, gas, sugar

61
Q

Americans industrial output was a huge factor in what?

A

eventually an allied victory

62
Q

Office of Research and Development?

A

contracted scientist and univerities to help in tech department
Made sonar, radar, rockets

63
Q

Manhattan Project (1952)?

A

top secret program headed by Oppenhelmer
Secret program with UK and US and kept Soviet out
Fist atomic bomb tested July 1945

64
Q

2nd Great Migration?

A

over a million blacks left the south in search of jobs in war industries

65
Q

Where was discrimination common?

A

in defense work

66
Q

In 1943, waht broke out in cities such as Detroit and NY?

A

Race Riots

67
Q

Who threatened to march Washington if discrimination in defense work was not adressed?

A

A Philip Randolph

68
Q

What did FDR do to appease A Philip Randolph?

A

Executive order 8802

69
Q

Where did blacks serve?

A

In segregated military units

70
Q

Double Victory Campain?

A

victory against fascism abroad and against racism at home

71
Q

Memberhsip in which organizaiotn increased?

A

NAACP

72
Q

Congress of Racial Equality (CORE):

A

formed in 1942 and fought against discrimination

73
Q

Demand for workers in the defense industry provided oppurtunities for thousands of what kind of americans?

A

Mexican

74
Q

Bracero Programs (1942)?

A

alowed mexicans farmworkers to work in the US without formal immigration proceedings

75
Q

Racial tensions between white soldiers and Mexican residence in _ led to _ _ in 1943

A

Los Angles

Zoot Suit Riots

76
Q

What minority group also received opportunities in defense work and in the military?

A

Native Americans

77
Q

Who used their native languege to communicate in the Pacific theater of the war?

A

Navajo code talkers

78
Q

ABout how many Indians did not return to reservaaation life after WWII?

A

1/2

79
Q

WHere could women serve in the military and how many women served?

A

Noncombat roles

over 200,000

80
Q

As the demand for industrial and defense jobs increased, what happened in regard to women?

A

nearly 5 mill women entered the workforce

81
Q

Who was the symbol of women in the workforce?

A

Rosie the Riveter

82
Q

What was the relation between men and women wages?

A

Women were expected to get paid less

83
Q

Could women stay in the workforce after WWII?

A

No, they were expected to leave

84
Q

Where did people move to for defense work?

A

Midwest and West

85
Q

Where did people migrate to post war?

A

Sunbelt

86
Q

Executive Order 9006?

A

Required that all people of Japnese descent on the West Coast be relocated to internment camps

87
Q

Nisei?

A

2nd generation Japanese Americans

88
Q

How many Japanese Americans were relocated to how many interment camps?

A

100,000

1 out of 10 camps

89
Q

Where was the Japanese population not evacuated?

A

Hawaii

90
Q

Koresmatsu v. US (1944)?

A

The Supreme Court upheld the relocation as necessary for national security

91
Q

Who did thousands of Japanese Americans fought for?

A

US

92
Q

Where did the Alied focus first?

A

European theater of war

93
Q

Where did the Soviets stop German advancements?

A

Stalingrad

94
Q

Wherer did allies focus first?

A

North Africa into Italy

95
Q

D-Day?

A

6/6/44

Masive second front opened

96
Q

What didd the Big 3 discuss?

A

military
strategy
plan for post war world

97
Q

Casablanca Conference?

A

FDR and Churchill met

They wanted unconditional surrender and invade Sicily/Italy first

98
Q

Tehran Conference?

A

Big 3 met for the first time

They discussed opening of 2nd front planned, fate of eastern europe

99
Q

Yalta Conference?

A

They wanted Germany to be divided, Free elections in Eastern Europe, Soviets will help against Japan, Create UN

100
Q

What was the US military largely responsible for?

A

The fight against Japan

101
Q

Following Pearl Harbor, where did Japan occupy a lot of territory?

A

A lot of China and Asia

102
Q

What type of strategy did US pursue?

A

Island Hoping Stratgy

Win control over territory to get closer to mainland Japan

103
Q

Potsdam Conference?

A

Japna warned to surrender unconditionally or be destroyed

104
Q

When and where was the first atomic bomb dropped?

A

8/6/45

Hiroshima

105
Q

When did Soviets enter war against Japan?

A

8/8/45

106
Q

when and where was the second atomic bomb dropped?

A

8/9/45

Nagasaki

107
Q

Following WWII, the US will be the dominate country in waht?

A

politics and military

108
Q

Who created totalitarianism?

A

Mussolini

109
Q

Resons for rise of fascism?

A 
Italy was ruled by Mussolini
Economic Distress
Fear of Communism
ppealed to nationalism
Mussolini's leadership
110
Q

Who was Italy led by from 1922-43?

A

Il Duce

111
Q

When was Mussolini’s March on Rome?

A

Oct 1922

112
Q

What was Italy like under Fascism?

A 
Controlled labor and industry
Greated pubic works
Controlled religion
Required miitary service
Built Alliances
113
Q

What is the Weimar Republic?

A

1919-33
Hitler formed the Naitonal Socialist Party (advoated naitonalism and militarism)
Replced imperial rule

114
Q

What was German inflation like?

A

1923

One dollar woth 100,000 marks

115
Q

What was teh weakness to the Weimar Republic?

A

Hitler’s charism and leadership

116
Q

What were the factors in nazi rise?

A 
economic distress
naitonalism
fear of communism
anti-semitism
hitler's charisma and leadhership
117
Q

When did Nazis seize power?

A

1933

118
Q

What were the German elections like during GD?

A

Nazis narrowly won
Ended Weimar Republic
Hitler became dictator

119
Q

When was te policy of requiring jews to wear starts extend to occupied areas including Jewsish ghettos?

A

Sep 1, 41

120
Q

What was the third reich?

A

Nationalist propaganda was major
persecutin of jews
military built up
territorial expansion

121
Q

When was the Rome Berlin Axis?

A

1936

122
Q

Kellogg Briand Pact (1928)?

A

Propsed by Kellogg (US) and Briand (France)
Outlawed war
Germany, Italy, and Japan violated these pacts

123
Q

When was Fascist agression?

A

1931-1939

124
Q

Who took over Manchuria?

A

Japan

125
Q

Who took over Ethiopia?

A

Italy

126
Q

Who took over Spain?

A

Franco (Fascist)

Aided by Germany and Italy who actually fought in the war

127
Q

Who took over China?

A

Japan

128
Q

Who took over Autria?

A

Germany

129
Q

Who took over Czechoslovokia?

A

Germany

130
Q

Who took over Albania?

A

Italy

131
Q

Who took over Poland?

A

Germany

132
Q

When was German remilitarizaiation?

A

1935-36

133
Q

What were the basic causes of WWII?

A

Militarism
Imperialism
Nationalism
Totalitarianism

134
Q

What were the subsidiary causes of WWII?

A

Failure of appeasement and collective security

US neutrality legislation

135
Q

Lebensraum?

A

living space

Needed more pure Germans so he conquered more lands

136
Q

Munich Agreement?

A

between Chamberlain and Hitler that Germany would not conquer any more land, and if did, would declare war
Peace of our time

137
Q

Nevel Chamberland?

A

Prime Minister of UK who believed that appeasement toward Germany would result in lasting peace

138
Q

What did Lendburg want the US to do?

A

stay neutral

139
Q

Stimson Doctrine?

A

the policy declared in a note to Japan and China that the US would not recognize any international territorial changes brought about by force. It was enacted after Japan’s military seizure of Manchuria in 1931.

140
Q

Blitzrieg?

A

A form of warfare used by German forces in World War II. In a blitzkrieg, troops in vehicles, such as tanks, made quick surprise strikes with support from airplanes.

► US History (46 decks)

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