WWI Flashcards
the process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war
mobilization
the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary. Members of the Black Hand wanted to kill the archduke and his wife and make Bosnia part of the Serbian kingdom. They threw a bomb and it did not kill the archduke so he was later shot by Gavrilo Princip.
Archduke Francis Ferdinand
the emperor of Germany who agreed to an alliance with Austria-Hungary
Kaiser William II
ordered partial mobilization of the Russian army against Austria-Hungary. This was considered an act of war.
Tsar Nicholas II
a leader in the German military who came up with the Schleiffen Plan. The plan called for a 2 front war with France and Russia. First, Germany would invade France then after France was defeated they would invade Russia.
General Alfred Von Schleiffe
part of the Marxist party called the Russian Social Democrats. They were led by V. I. Lenin. They wanted to overthrow the provisional government. Their three slogans were “Peace, Land, Bread,” “Worker Control of Production,” and “All Power to the Soviets”
Bolsheviks
leader of the Bolsheviks. He received a lot of power when the Bolsheviks seized power. To try to bring peace to Russia, he had to give up a lot of land.
V.I. Lenin
an uneducated Siberian peasant who claimed to be a holy man. The wife of Czar Nicholas II, Alexandra fell under his influence. He was assassinated in 1916.
Rasputin
the president of the U.S. during WWI who said all citizens are important to winning the war, smart, rebranded the war as “the war to end all wars”, made 14 points plan, guaranteed Germany that if they surrendered the treaty would be based on the 14 points plan
Woodrow Wilson
the premier of France who wanted to make Germany pay reparations, give up all weapons, and have the Rhineland as a buffer between France and Germany, present for treaty of versailles
Georges Clemenceau
the prime minister of England. He wanted to make the Germans pay for the war, present for treaty of versailles
David Lloyd George
Woodrow Wilson’s plan for a peace settlement that he believed justified the enormous military struggle being waged. He wanted to reach peace agreements openly, reduce armies and weapons, and ensure self-determination for each country. He portrayed WWI as a war against absolutism and militarism.
14 points plan
final peace settlement that made 5 separate treaties with the 5 defeated nations. The Germans considered it harsh and were not happy with it. It required Germany to pay reparations, give up land, reduce army and navy, and have a demilitarized zone. The U.S. never ratifies this treaty. Changed maritime laws and made chemical weapons illegal. The map of Europe was redrawn (not well). Germany lost all industry, 100% responsible for war, and this treaty was a major cause of WWII.
Treaty of Versailles
an American soldier who served in the United States Army during World War I who received the Medal of Honor for bravery.
Dan Edwards
He received the Medal of Honor for leading an attack on a German machine gun nest, taking 32 machine guns, killing 28 German soldiers, and capturing 132 others. This action occurred during the United States-led portion of the broader Meuse-Argonne Offensive in France
Sgt. York
was the general in the United States Army who led the American Expeditionary Forces to victory over Germany in World War I. He refused to integrate with the British and French forces.
“Black Jack” Pershing