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Clinical Anatomy 1 Aryssara > Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

The median nerve passes ________ to the transerse carpal ligament.

A

Deep (posterior)

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2
Q

The recurrent branch of the median nerve emerges _________ to the transverse carpal ligament.

A

Inferior (distal)

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3
Q

The superficial palmar arch is ____ to the palmar fascia (aponeurosis).

A

Deep

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4
Q

The ulnar nerve and artery passes ______ to the pisiform bone.

A

Lateral (radial)

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5
Q

The _________ arise from the TENDONS of flexor digitorum profundus.

A

lumbricals

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6
Q

The tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis are _______ to the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus until they split in the digits.

A

anterior (superficial)

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7
Q

The opponens pollicis muscle is ____ to the flexor and abductor pollicis brevis muscles.

A

deep

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8
Q

The opponens digiti minimi is deep to the _______ and _______ _________ muscles.

A

flexor and abductor digiti minimi.

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9
Q

The deep palmar arch and deep branch of the ulnar nerve pass together in between the _________________________

A

oblique and transverse heads if the adductor pollicis muscle.

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10
Q

What are the proximal carpal bones?

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

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11
Q

What are the distal carpal bones?

A

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate.

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12
Q

What is the function of the transverse carpal ligament?

A

Prevents bowstringing of the flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus. Protects median nerve. Maintains carpal arch.

Attachment for thenar & hypothenar muscles

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13
Q

What are the attachments of the transverse carpal ligament?

A

From the pisiform and hook of the hamate to scaphoid and trapezium.

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14
Q

What are the functions of the collateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joints?

A

Stablize the metacarpophalangeal joints and to limit flexion of MP joints

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15
Q

What are the attachments of the collateral ligaments of the MCP joints?

A

From the head of the metacarpals to the base of adjacent proximal phalanx.

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16
Q

What is the function of TFCC?

A

Shock absorption

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17
Q

What is the structure of TFCC?

A

Made of an articular disc, dorsal/volar radioulnar ligaments, ulnar collateral ligament, ECU sheath, ulnotriquetral ligament and ulnolunate ligament.

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18
Q

How many compartments are in the extensor retinaculum?

A

6

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19
Q

In what extensor compartment can you find the tendons of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis?

A

1

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20
Q

In what extensor compartment can you find the tendon of extensor pollicis longus?

A

3

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21
Q

In what extensor compartment can you find the tendon of ECR-L/B?

A

2

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22
Q

In what extensor compartment can you find the tendons of extensor digitorum and extensor indicis?

A

4

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23
Q

In what extensor compartment can you find the tendon of extensor digiti minimi?

A

5

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24
Q

In what extensor compartment can you find the tendon of ECU?

A

6

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25
Q

What joint do the motions of the thumb move about?

A

CMC

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26
Q

What is the function of juncturae tendinum?

A

Distrubutes forces between extensor digitorum tendons.

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27
Q

What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Extensor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis longus, and extensor pollicis brevis.

28
Q

What can be found at the floor of the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Scaphoid and trapezium.

29
Q

What passes through the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Radial artery.

30
Q

Describe carpal tunnel syndrome.

A

Results from a lesion that reduces the size of the carpal tunnel. The median nerve is the most sensitive structure in the tunnel so parasthesia, hypoesthesia or anesthesia can occur in the lateral 3.5 digits. Cannot oppose thumb with CTS and diminished thenar eminence might occure from weakness of APB and opponens pollicis.

31
Q

What muscles attach to the pisiform?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris and abductor digiti minimi.

32
Q

What ligament attaches to the pisiform?

A

Transverse carpal ligament

33
Q

What attaches to the trapezium tubercle?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis and the transverse carpal ligament.

34
Q

What attaches to the hamulus?

A

Flexor digiti mimimi, opponens digiti minimi and the transverse carpal ligament.

35
Q

What is the distal radio-ulnar joint’s synovial classification?

A

Pivot

36
Q

What is the radiocarpal joint’s synovial classification?

A

Ellipsoidal/condyloid

37
Q

1st (thumb) CMC joint’s synovial classification?

A

Sellar/Saddle

38
Q

2nd-5th CMC joint synovial classification?

A

plane/gliding

39
Q

MCP joint synovial classification?

A

Ellipsoidal/condyloid

40
Q

Interphalangeal joint synovial classification?

A

Ginglymus/hinge

41
Q

What are the attachments of Abductor digiti minimi?

A

From the pisiform to the ulnar side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit.

42
Q

What are the actions of Abductor digiti minimi?

A

Abducts 5th digit

43
Q

What are the common spinal segments and innervation of abductor digiti minimi?

A

C8-T1

Deep branch of ulnar nerve.

44
Q

What are the attachments of Abductor pollicis brevis?

A

From the transverse carpal ligament to the radial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of thumb.

45
Q

What are the actions of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Abducts thumb

46
Q

What are the common spinal segments and innervation of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

C6-T1

Recurrent branch of the median nerve

47
Q

What are the attachments of adductor pollicis?

A

From the capitate & 2nd & 3rd metacarpals (oblique head) & the palmar aspect of the 3rd metacarpal (transverse head) to the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

48
Q

What are the actions of adductor pollicis?

A

Adducts thumb

49
Q

What are the common spinal segments and innervation of adductor pollicis?

A

C8-T1

deep branch of ulnar nerve

50
Q

What are the attachments of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

From the hamate to the ulnar side of the base of the proximal phalanx of 5th digit.

51
Q

What are the actions of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Flexes (MCP) 5th digit.

52
Q

What are the common spinal segments and innervation of flexor digiti minimi?

A

C8-T1

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

53
Q

What are the attachments of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

From the transverse carpal lig. & trapezium to the radial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of thumb. (Deep head blends with opponens pollicis.)

54
Q

What are the actions of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Flexes MCP thumb

55
Q

What are the common spinal segments and innervation of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Superficial head C6-T1 Deep head C8-T1

Superficial head: Recurrent branch of the median nerve
Deep Head: deep branch of ulnar nerve.

56
Q

What are the attachments of the lumbricals?

A

From the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus to the radial side of the dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-5

57
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments and innervation of the lumbricals?

A

1st and 2nd : C7-T1 3rd and 4th: C8-T1

1st and 2nd: median nerve 3rd and 4th deep branch of ulnar nerve

58
Q

What are the attachments of opponens digiti minimi?

A

from the hook of the hamate to the ulnar margin of the shaft of the 5th metacarpal.

59
Q

What are the actions of opponens digiti minimi?

A

Opposition of 5th digit to thumb

60
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments and innervation of opponens digiti minimi?

A

C8-T1

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

61
Q

What are the attachments of opponens pollicis?

A

From the transverse carpal lig. & trapezium to the palmar surface of the 1st metacarpal.

62
Q

What are the actions of opponens pollicis?

A

Opposition of thumb to 5th digit.

63
Q

What are the common spinal segments and innervation of opponens pollicis?

A

C6-T1

Recurrent branch of median nerve

64
Q

What are the attachments of the palmar interossei?

A

From the palmar aspects of metacarpals 2, 4 & 5 to the dorsal digital expansions of digits 2, 4, 5.

65
Q

What are the actions of the palmar interossei?

A

Adducts (MCP), flexes (MCP) and extends (interphalangeal) digits 2, 4 and 5.

66
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments and innervation of the palmar interossei?

A

C8-T1

Deep branch of ulnar nerve.

Clinical Anatomy 1 Aryssara (16 decks)

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