Thorax

Question 1

The intercostal nerves, arteries, and veins are positioned deep to the ___________.

Answer 1

Internal intercostal muscles.

Question 2

The intercostal veins, arteries, and nerves are all positioned directly inferior to the ______.

Answer 2

ribs

Question 3

The internal thoracic artery is positioned posterior (deep) to the __________.

Answer 3

first 6 costal cartilages.

Question 4

The left phrenic nerve passes _______ to the root of the left lung.

Answer 4

anterior

Question 5

The left phrenic nerve is positioned lateral to the _______

Answer 5

pericardial sac.

Question 6

The left phrenic nerve passes lateral to the __________.

Answer 6

ascending aorta.

Question 7

The right phrenic nerve is positioned _______ to the SVC and pericardial sac.

Answer 7

lateral

Question 8

The right phrenic nerve passes anterior to the ___________.

Answer 8

root of the right lung.

Question 9

The azygous vein (arch) passes _______ to the right main bronchus.

Answer 9

superior

Question 10

What are the boundaries of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 10

Posterior- spine
Anterior- sternum
Inferior- diaphragm
Superior- Superior thoracic aperture

Question 11

What are the general contents of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 11

Primary organs of respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

Question 12

What are the compartments of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 12

Right and left pleural, superior and inferior mediastinum.

Question 13

What is contained in the right and left pleural cavities?

Answer 13

The lungs

Question 14

What are the components of the thoracic wall?

Answer 14

Skin, subcutaneous tissue, ribs, and intercostal muscles.

Question 15

What is the function of the thoracic wall?

Answer 15

Protection, respiration, and muscles attachment of thorax.

Question 16

What are the 3 types of ribs?

Answer 16

True, False, and Floating.

Question 17

What are true ribs?

Answer 17

They have direct cartilagenous attachment to sternum.

Question 18

What are false ribs?

Answer 18

They have indirect cartilagenous attachment to sternum.

Question 19

What are floating ribs?

Answer 19

They don’t have attachment to sternum.

Question 20

What are the 3 ribs joints and their synovial classification?

Answer 20

Costovertebral, costotransverse, and sternocostal.

All are plane.

Question 21

What joint connects from the head of the rib to the vertebral body?

Answer 21

Costovertebral

Question 22

What joint connects from the costal tubercle to the transverse process?

Answer 22

Costotransverse

Question 23

What joint connects from the sternum to the costal cartilage?

Answer 23

Sternocostal

Question 24

Where is the scalene tubercle and what attaches to it?

Answer 24

On the 1st rib.

Anterior scalene muscle attaches from it to 1st rib.

Question 25

The 1st rib contains grooves for the ___________.

Answer 25

Subclavian artery and vein.

Question 26

Where is the jugular notch located?

Answer 26

Superior aspect of manubrium.

Question 27

Where are the clavicular notches and what are their functions?

Answer 27

On the superior aspect of manubrium, on either side of the jugular notch. Function- articulates manubrium to clavicle.

Question 28

How many costal notches are on the manubrium and for which ribs?

Answer 28

1 and first rib.

Question 29

What is the are the attachments of the external intercostal muscles?

Answer 29

From rib to rib oriented from superior-lateral to inferior-medial (down and in)

Question 30

What are the actions of the external intercostal muscles?

Answer 30

Elevation of ribs.

Question 31

What innervates the external, internal, and innermost intercostal muscles?

Answer 31

Intercostal nerves (segmental)

Question 32

What are the attachments of the internal and innermost intercostal muscles?

Answer 32

from rib to rib oriented superior-medial to inferior-lateral (down and out)

Question 33

What are the actions of the internal and innermost intercostal muscles?

Answer 33

Depression of ribs.

Question 34

What are the attachments of the transversus thoracis muscles?

Answer 34

From posterior sternum to costal cartilages

Question 35

What are the actions of the transversus thoracis muscles?

Answer 35

Depression of ribs.

Question 36

What is the innervation of the transversus thoracis muscles?

Answer 36

Intercostal nerves (segmental)

Question 37

What are the attachments of the diaphragm?

Answer 37

From the xiphoid process, inner surface of the lower ribs and costal cartilages, lumbar vertebrae via the crura to the central tendon.

Question 38

What are the actions of the diaphragm?

Answer 38

Inspiration (negative thoracic pressure by inferior displacement)

Question 39

What is the innervation and common spinal segments of the diaphragm?

Answer 39

Phrenic nerve C3-5

Question 40

Which are the upper intercostal nerves?

Answer 40

T1-6

Question 41

Which are the thoracoabdominal (lower intercostal) nerves?

Answer 41

T7-11

Question 42

Which is the subcostal nerve?

Answer 42

T12

Question 43

What is the major landmark of T4 innervation?

Answer 43

Nipples

Question 44

What is the major landmark of T6 innervation?

Answer 44

Skin over xiphoid process

Question 45

What is the major landmark of T10 innervation?

Answer 45

Umbilicus