Cubital Fossa And Anterior Forearm Flashcards
The brachial artery ______ into the radial and ulnar arteries at the cubital fossa
bifurcates
The median nerve passes ________ to the elbow joint
Anterior
The radial recurrent artery _____________ to the radial nerve ________ the brachioradialis and brachialis muscles.
Runs parallel, between
What is the synovial classification of the humeroulnar joint?
Ginglymus or hinge
What is the synovial classification of the humeroradial joint?
Plane or gliding
What is the function of the ulnar collateral ligament and where does it attach?
Function -resists excessive cubital valgus
Attachments- medial epicondyle to medial margin of coronoid process and olecranon process
What is the function of the radial collateral ligament and where does it attach?
Function- Resists excessive cubital varus
Attachments- lateral epicondyle to annular ligament
What is the function of the annular ligament and where does it attach?
Function- Stabilizes proximal radioulnar joint
Attachments- anterior margin of the radial notch to the posterior margin of the radial notch surrounding the head of the radius
Where does the interosseous membrane attach?
Interosseous border of radius to interosseous border of ulna
AAI of flexor carpi ulnaris?
Attachments- from the medial epicondyle and proximal ulnar shaft to the pisiform
Actions- flexes and adducts hand at wrist (ulnar deviation) and assists in the flexion of the elbow
Innervation- ulnar nerve
Spinal Segments- C7-T1
AAI of flexor carpi radialis?
Attachments- the medial epicondyle (common flexor origin) to the palmar aspect of the base of the 2nd metacarpal.
Actions- flexes and abducts the hand at wrist (radial deviation) and may assist in pronation of forearm and flexion of the elbow
Innervation- median nerve
What nerve innervates all but 2 muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Median Nerve
Which two muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm are innervated by the ulnar nerve?
Flexor carpi ulnaris and the ulnar part of flexor digitorum profundus (4th and 5th digits)
AAI of flexor digitorum profundus?
Attachments- anterior proximal 2/3 of the ulna and interosseous membrane to the base of the distal phalanges digits 2-5.
Actions- flexion of digits 2-5 and flexion of hand at wrist
Innervation- median nerve for digits 2 and 3. Ulnar nerve for digits 4 and 5.
Spinal Segments- C7-T1
AAI of flexor digitorum superficialis?
Attachments- medial epicondyle to the sides of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5
Actions- flexion of digits (metacarpophalengeal and proximal interphalangeal) and hand at wrist
Innervation- median nerve
Spinal Segments - C7-T1
AAI for flexor pollicis longus?
Attachments- Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane to the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
Actions- flexes thumb (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal)
Innervation- median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve)
Spinal Segments- C7-T1
AAI for palmaris longus?
Attachments- the medial epicondyle to the palmar aponeurosis
Actions- flexes hand at wrist and tenses palmar fascia
Innervation - median never
Spinal Segments- C7-8
AAI of pronator teres?
Attachments- medial epicondyle and ulnar coronoid process to lateral aspect of the radius
Actions- pronates and flexes forearm
Innervation- Median nerve
Spinal Segments- C6-7
AAI of pronator quadratus?
Attachments- anterior surface of the distal ulna to the anterior surface of the distal radius
Actions- pronates the forearm
Innervation- median Nerve
Spinal Segments- C8-T1
What is the synovial joint classification for the proximal radio-ulnar joint?
pivot or trochoid
What are the clinically important bursae of the elbow?
The 3 olecranon bursae
Where is the intratendinous olecranon bursa?
Sometimes present in the tendon of triceps brachii
Where is the subtendinous olecranon bursa?
Between the olecranon and the triceps tendon, just proximal to its attachment at the olecranon
Where is the subcutaneous olecranon bursa?
In the subcutaneous connective tissue over the olecranon.
What is the function of the bicipitoradial bursa?
Separates the biceps tendon from and reduces friction against the anterior part of the radial tuberosity.
What is radial head subluxation?
Usually seen in ages 3-5, when the upper limb is suddenly pulled while forearm is pronated. The force tears the distal attachment of the anular ligament around the neck of the radius which causes the radius to move distally out of the socket. “nurse maid’s elbow”
What is olecranon bursitis?
Can be caused by falls to the elbow or repeated excessive pressure and friction to elbow. This causes the bursa to become inflamed. AKA “dart thrower’s elbow” or “miner’s elbow”
What neurovascular structures would be injured based on bone fracture located at the medial epicondyle of the humerus?
Ulnar nerve, Medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm, Superior ulnar collateral artery, anterior ulnar recurrent artery
What are the attachments of flexor carpi ulnaris?
From the medial epicondyle and proximal ulnar shaft to the pisiform
What are the attachments of flexor carpi radialis?
The medial epicondyle (common flexor origin) to the palmar aspect of the base of the 2nd metacarpal.
What are the attachments of flexor digitorum profundus?
Anterior proximal 2/3 of the ulna and interosseous membrane to the base of the distal phalanges digits 2-5.
What are the attachments of flexor digitorum superficialis?
Medial epicondyle to the sides of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5
What are the attachments of flexor pollicis longus?
Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane to the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
What are the attachments of palmaris longus?
The medial epicondyle to the palmar aponeurosis
What are the attachments of pronator teres?
Medial epicondyle and ulnar coronoid process to lateral aspect of the radius
What are the attachments of pronator quadratus?
Anterior surface of the distal ulna to the anterior surface of the distal radius
What are the spinal segments of flexor carpi ulnaris?
C7-T1
What are the spinal segments of flexor carpi radialis?
C6-8
What are the spinal segments of flexor digitorum profundus?
C7-T1
What are the spinal segments of flexor digitorum superficialis?
C7-T1
What are the spinal segments of flexor pollicis longus?
C7-T1
What are the spinal segments of palmaris longus?
C7-8
What are the spinal segments of pronator teres?
C6-7
What are the spinal segments of pronator quadratus?
C8-T1
