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Clinical Anatomy 1 Aryssara > Neck and Suboccipital Region > Flashcards

Neck and Suboccipital Region Flashcards

1
Q

What are the suprahyoid muscles of the anterior neck?

A

The anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid.

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2
Q

What are the infrahyoid muscles of the anterior neck?

A

Thyrohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and superior and inferior bellies of omohyoid.

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3
Q

What are the borders of the anterior triangle of the neck?

A

Anterior- midline of neck
Superior- Inferior border of mandible,

Sternocleidomastoid

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4
Q

What are the borders of the posterior triangle of the neck?

A

Posterior- Trapezius
Inferior- Clavicle

Sternocleidomastoid

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5
Q

What are the 4 triangles within the anterior triangle of the neck?

A

Carotid, muscular, submental, and submandibular.

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6
Q

What are the borders of the carotid triangle?

A

The posterior belly of digastric, SCM, and superior belly of omohyoid.

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7
Q

What are the two triangles within the posterior triangle of the neck?

A

Occipital and supraclavicular

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8
Q

What are the borders of the occipital triangle?

A

The trapezius, the inferior belly of omohyoid, and the SCM.

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9
Q

What are the borders of the supraclavicular triangle?

A

The inferior belly of omohyoid, the clavicle, and SCM.

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10
Q

What are the 5 pharyngeal (branchial) arches?

A

Mandibular, hyoid, third, fourth, sixth.

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11
Q

What muscles arise from the mandibular pharyngeal arch?

A

Mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric.

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12
Q

What innervates the muscles of the mandibular pharyngeal arch?

A

Trigeminal N (CN V3)

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13
Q

What muscles arise from the hyoid pharyngeal arch?

A

Facial expression, posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid.

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14
Q

What innervates the muscles of the hyoid pharyngeal arch?

A

Facial N (CN VII)

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15
Q

What muscles arise from the third pharyngeal arch?

A

Stylopharyngeus

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16
Q

What innervates the muscle of the third pharyngeal arch?

A

Glossopharyngeal N (CN IX)

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17
Q

What muscles arise from the fourth pharyngeal arch?

A

Cricothyroid, inferior pharyngeal constrictor

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18
Q

What innervates the muscles of the fourth pharyngeal arch?

A

Vagus N (CN X), superior laryngeal

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19
Q

What are the muscles that arrive from the sixth pharyngeal arch?

A

Intrinsic laryngeal

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20
Q

What innervates the muscles of the sixth pharyngeal arch?

A

Vagus N (CN X), recurrent laryngeal

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21
Q

What is the function of the branchial motor axons?

A

Innervate skeletal muscles from pharyngeal arches.

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22
Q

What are the suboccipital muscles of neck?

A

Rectus capitis posterior minor and major, superior oblique and inferior oblique.

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23
Q

What are the 4 deep cervical fascias?

A

Investing Fascia
Pretracheal Fascia
Prevertebral Fascia
Carotid Sheath

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24
Q

What are the contents of the investing fascia?

A

Surrounds the neck and splits to enclose the trapezius and SCM muscles.

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25
Q

What are the contents of the pretracheal fascia?

A

Infrahyoid muscles, thyroid gland, espophagus and trachea.

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26
Q

What is the pretracheal fascia continuous with?

A

Buccopharyngeal fascia.

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27
Q

What are the contents of the prevertebral fascia?

A

Vertebra

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28
Q

What is the prevertebral fascia continuous with?

A

Axillary sheath and anterior longitudinal ligament

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29
Q

What are the contents of the carotid sheath?

A

Common carotid a, internal jugular v, and vagus n.

30
Q

What are the attachments of the anterior belly of the digastric?

A

From the digastric fossa of the mandible to the intermediate tendon

31
Q

What is the function of the anterior belly of the digastric?

A

Depression of mandible or elevation of hyoid.

32
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior belly of the digastric?

A

Mylohyoid branch of the inferior alveolar n (from CN V3)

33
Q

What are the attachments of the posterior belly of the digastric?

A

From the temporal mastoid notch to the intermediate tendon

34
Q

What are the actions of the posterior belly of the digastric?

A

Depression of mandible or elevation of hyoid.

35
Q

What is the innervation of the posterior belly of the digastric?

A

Facial N (CN VII)

36
Q

What are the attachments of geniohyoid?

A

From the inferior genial tubercle of the mandible to the anterior aspect of the body of the hyoid.

37
Q

What is the function of geniohyoid?

A

Elevation of tongue and hyoid or depresses mandible.

38
Q

What is the innervation of geniohyoid?

A

Ventral ramus of C1 via CN XII

39
Q

What are the attachments of mylohyoid?

A

From the mylohyoid line of the mandible to the midline raphe and anterior aspect of the body of the hyoid.

40
Q

What is the function of mylohyoid?

A

Elevation of floor of oral cavity.

41
Q

What is the innervation of mylohyoid?

A

Mylohyoid branch of the inferior alveolar n (from CNV3)

42
Q

What are the attachments of stylohyoid?

A

From the styloid process of temporal bone to the hyoid bone

43
Q

What is the function of stylohyoid?

A

Elevation and retraction of the hyoid.

44
Q

What is the innervation of stylohyoid?

A

Facian N (CN VII)

45
Q

What are the attachments of omohyoid?

A

From the superior border of the scapula medial to the scapular notch to the lateral aspect of the hyoid passing through an intermediate tendon sling loosely associated with the clavicle and 1st rib.

46
Q

What is the function of omohyoid?

A

Depression of hyoid?

47
Q

What is the innervation of the omohyoid?

A

Ansa cervicalis (C1-3)

48
Q

What are the attachments of sternothyroid?

A

From the posterior aspect of the manubrium and costal cartilage of 1st rib to the thyroid lamina.

49
Q

What are the functions of sternothyroid?

A

Depression of the elevated larynx.

50
Q

What is the innervation of sternothyroid?

A

Ansa Cervicalis (C1-3)

51
Q

What are the attachments of sternohyoid?

A

From the posterior side of the proximal clavicle and adjacant manubrium to the inferior border of the body of the hyoid.

52
Q

What is the action of sternohyoid?

A

Depresses hyoid.

53
Q

What is the innervation of sternohyoid?

A

Ansa cervicalis (C1-3)

54
Q

What are the attachments of thyrohyoid?

A

From the thyroid lamina to the greater horn of the hyoid bone

55
Q

What is the function of thyrohyoid?

A

Depression of the hyoid or elevation of the thyroid cartilage.

56
Q

What is the innervation of thyrohyoid?

A

Ventral ramus of C1 via CN XII

57
Q

What are the contents of the carotid triangle?

A

Common Carotid artery

58
Q

What are the contents of the submandibular and submental triangles?

A

Lymph nodes

59
Q

What are the contents of the muscular triangle?

A

Anterior muscles of neck

60
Q

What are the contents of the occipital triangle?

A

Accessory Nerve and trunks of brachial plexus.

61
Q

What are the contents of the supraclavicular triangle?

A

The subclavian artery with branches of thyrocervical trunk: transverse cervical a, suprascapular a, ascending cervical a, and inferior thyroid a.

62
Q

What are the suboccipital muscles of the neck?

A

Rectus capitis posterior minor and major, and inferior and superior oblique.

63
Q

What innervates the suboccipital muscles of the neck?

A

suboccipital nerve.

64
Q

What are the attachments of rectus capitis posterior major?

A

From spinous process C2 to lateral aspect of inferior nuchal line

65
Q

What are the actions of rectus capitis posterior major?

A

Extension and ipsilateral rotation

66
Q

What are the attachments of rectus capitis posterior minor?

A

From tubercle on posterior arch C1 to medial aspect of inferior nuchal line

67
Q

What are the actions of rectus capitis posterior minor?

A

Extension

68
Q

What are the attachments of inferior oblique?

A

From spinous process of C2 to transverse process C1

69
Q

What are the actions of inferior oblique?

A

Ipsilateral rotation

70
Q

What are the attachments of superior oblique?

A

From transverse process of C1 to area between superior and inferior nuchal lines on occipital bones

71
Q

What are the actions of superior oblique?

A

Extension and lateral flexion

72
Q

Where is the dens located?

A

On the axis (C2)

Clinical Anatomy 1 Aryssara (16 decks)

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