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Clinical Anatomy 1 Aryssara > Ankle and Foot > Flashcards

Ankle and Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles are in the first layer of the foot?

A

Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor Hallucis
Abductor Digiti Minimi

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2
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments and innervation for Abductor Digiti Minimi?

A

S1-S2

Lateral Plantar N

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3
Q

What are the general actions of the first layer of the foot?

A

Flex and Abduct the toes

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4
Q

What are the attachments of Abductor Digiti Minimi?

A

From calcaneal tuberosity to lateral side of proximal phalangeal base of 5th digit

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5
Q

What are the common spinal segments and innervation of Abductor Hallucis?

A

L4-S1

Medial Plantar N

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6
Q

What are the attachments of of Abductor Hallucis?

A

From medial calcaneal tiberosity to medial side of proximal phalangeal base of great toe.

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7
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments and innervation of Flexor Digitorum Brevis?

A

L4-S1

Medial Plantar N

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8
Q

What are the attachments of Flexor Digitorum Brevis?

A

From medial process of calcaneal tuberosity to sides of intermediate phalanges of digits 2-5.

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9
Q

What muscles are in the second layer of the foot?

A

Quadratus Plantae

Lumbricals

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10
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments and innervation of Quadratus Plantae?

A

S1-2

Lateral Plantar N

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11
Q

What are the attachments of Quadratus Plantae?

A

From medial surface of calcaneus and lateral process of calcaneal tuberosity to long flexor tendons.

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12
Q

What are the actions of Quadratus Plantae?

A

Assists Flexor Digitorum Longus

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13
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments and innervation of the lumbricals?

A

1st: L4-S1 Medial Plantar N

2nd-4th: S1-2 Lateral Plantar N

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14
Q

What are the attachments of the lumbricals?

A

From tendons of flexor digitorum longus to medial sides of dorsal expansions of digits 2-5

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15
Q

What are the actions of the lumbricals?

A

Flexes proximal phalanges (MP, and extends IP joints.

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16
Q

What are the muscles in the third layer of the foot?

A

Adductor Hallucis
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

17
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments and innervation of Adductor Hallucis?

A

S1-2

Lateral Plantar N

18
Q

What are the attachments of Adductor Hallucis?

A

From 2-4th metatarsal bases (oblique head) and Distal ends of 2-5th metatarsals (transverse head) to lateral base of the proximal phalanx of great toe.

19
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments of Flexor Hallucis Brevis?

A

L4-S1

Medial Plantar N

20
Q

What are the attachments of Flexor Hallucis Brevis?

A

From cuboid and tendon of tibialis posterior to base of the proximal phalanx of great toe

21
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments and innervation of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis?

A

S1-2

Lateral Plantar N

22
Q

What are the attachments of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis?

A

From 5th metatarsal base to proximal phalangeal base.

23
Q

What are the muscles in the 4th layer of the foot?

A

Dorsal Interossei

Plantar Interossei

24
Q

What are the common spinal cord segments and innervation of the dorsal and plantar interossei?

A

S1-2

Lateral Plantar N

25
Q

What are the attachments of the dorsal interossei?

A

From metatarsal shafts to proximal phalangeal bases and dorsal expansions of digits 2-4.

26
Q

What are the attachments of the plantar interossei?

A

From plantar surface of base of metatarsals to dorsal digital expansions of digits 3-5.

27
Q

What are the relative positions of the tendons that pass posterior to the medial malleous?

A

Tibialis Posterior
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexor Hallucis Longus

28
Q

What two nerves foes the tibial nerve branch into after it passes posterior to the medial malleolus?

A

Medial and lateral plantar nerves

29
Q

Describe the branching of the medial plantar nerve

A

Medial plantar nerve gives rise to the common plantar digital nerves that innervate digits 1-3, and those give rise to the proper plantar digital nerves.

30
Q

Describe the branching of the lateral plantar nerve.

A

Lateral plantar nerve gives rise to a superficial branch that innervates the 4th and 5th digit. The superficial branch gives rise to a common plantar digital nerve.

Lateral plantar nerve also gives rise to a deep branch that goes to the deeper layers of foot.

31
Q

Where would you take the medial malleolar pulse?

A

Posterior to the medial malleolus or posterior to Flexor Hallucis longus

32
Q

Where would you take the dorsalis pedis pulse?

A

Lateral to extensor hallucis longus. or just over where talus and navicular bones articulate.

33
Q

Primary movements of foot at the ankle joint?

A

Plantar flexion
Dorsiflexion
Inversion
Eversion

34
Q

What are the attachments of the talocrural fibrous capsule?

A

From the borders of the articular surfaces of tibia and malleoli to the margins of the trochlear surface of the talus

35
Q

What are the attachments of the medial collateral (deltoid) ligament?

A

From the medial malleolus to the talus, navicular and sustentaculum tali of the calcaneous.

36
Q

What is the function of the medial collateral (deltoid) ligament?

A

Stabilizes joint and resists forced eversion.

Clinical Anatomy 1 Aryssara (16 decks)

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