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Nursing > Wounds, Bandages And Dressings > Flashcards

Wounds, Bandages And Dressings Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the second stage of fibroplastic healing

A

Collagen phase. Collagen is created and layed down in wound to close it

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2
Q

What is the 3rd stage of fibroplastic healing

A

Maturation phase. Scar eventually forms and becomes flatter, paler and softens dramatically.

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3
Q

What is epithelial regeneration and when does it occur

A

Starts within hours of wound appearing but can take up to 5 days before cells completely migrate across the wound itself to attach to each other. Occurs in fibroblastic stage

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4
Q

What are systemic factors that affect wound healing

A

Age
Nutritional status
Disease

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5
Q

What are local factors that affect wound healing

A 
Extent of damage in wound. 
Dessication of wound
Vascularity of area effected. 
Infection of wound 
Bleeding of wound
Foreign material in wound
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6
Q

What does dessication of the wound cause

A

Tissue destruction and delayed healing

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7
Q

What does the vascularity of an area affect

A

Highly vascular areas heal more quickly than others

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8
Q

What does infection do to the wound healing

A

Mechanically seperation of wound margins or cellular disruption by toxins.

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9
Q

What does bleeding do to slow wound healing

A

Clots must be absorbed or liquified. Best hemostasis is with pressure, clamping and tying and finally cautery

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10
Q

What is the first stage of fibroplastic healing

A

Exudative stage. Acute inflammation and release of chemical mediators.

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11
Q

What does a foreign body do to slow the healing

A

Will form a drainage tract as long as some remains.

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12
Q

What are some external factors that affect wound healing

A

Drugs such as corticosteroids

Radiotherapy

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13
Q

If a wound has been exposed for less than 6-8 hrs what is it considered

A

Uncomplicated and uninfected.

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14
Q

If a wound is open more than 8hrs what is it considered

A

Complicated and infected

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15
Q

What are the three types of wound healing

A

First intention
Second intention
Third intention

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16
Q

What is healing by first intention

A

Primary closure and has a small scar

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17
Q

What is healing by second intention

A

Granulation tissue with a scab and a large scar

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18
Q

What is third intention healing

A

Suturing once granulation tissue has formed.

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19
Q

What are the three c’s of wound treatment

A

Cleansing
Closing
Covering

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20
Q

How do you prepare uncomplicated wounds

A 
Protect while shaving area
Cleanse skin with antiseptic 
Flush wound with saline or chlorexidine 
Excise dead tissue and suture wound 
Apply dressing or bandages as needed
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21
Q

How do you prepare complicated wounds

A 
Protect while shaving area
Cleanse skin with antiseptic 
Flush wound with chlorhexidine. 
Apply wet saline dressings 
Cover with tefle pad 
Bandage.
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22
Q

How does fluid drain with a penrose drain

A

Drains around them rather than through them.

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23
Q

Generally when do you remove sutures

A

Between 7-14days

24
Q

What are some topical antibiotics

A

Polysporin, neomycin, silver sulfadiazine, nitrofurazone.

25
Q

What are some enzymatic debriefing agents

A

Castor oil, preparation H

26
Q

What do hydrophilic agents do

A

Cause diffusion of fluids through wound tissues into a bandage and allows easier absorption

27
Q

What are some lavage solutions you can use

A

Chlorhexidine solution, tris EDTA, povidone iodine, acetic acid

28
Q

Why do we use bandages

A 
Prevent contamination of wound
Prevent mutilation 
Maintain clean environment for wound healing 
Control edema (swelling) and seroma
Prevent use of limb
Support weak tissue 
Secure catheters
29
Q

What are the ten primary indications for bandages

A 
Absorption
Protection
Antisepsis
Pressure 
Immobilization 
Debridement
Packing
Information
Comfort
Aesthetic
30
Q

Describe the absorption of a dressing

A

Acts as a passageway and storage for wound draining.

31
Q

Describe the first layer of a bandage

A

Tefle pad to prevent adhesion.

32
Q

Describe te second layer of a bandage

A

Cling or cotton roll

33
Q

Describe the third layer of a bandage

A

Cling or vet wrap

34
Q

What is the protection role of a bandage

A

Protect the wound from further trauma

35
Q

What is the immobilization function of a bandage

A

Places the wound and rest and thereby decreases ️pain present and allows healing to occur without disruption from mechanical trauma. Also decreases the amount of scar tissue formation

36
Q

Describe the pressure aspect of a bandage

A

May exert a slight amount of pressure upon a wound. Reducing the amount of transudate collected in a dead space. Reduces the possibility of a seroma or a hematoma which become an excellent culture media for bacteria.

37
Q

What do you have to check the bandage for

A

Swelling, coolness, dryness and odour.

38
Q

What is debridement

A

Wet wound dressings are indicated to decrease the viscosity of the thick wound secretions thus aiding in their removal.

39
Q

What are some materials for bandaging

A 
Gauze squares
King /conform bandage
Roll cotton and roll padding
Different types of tape and Elastoplast 
Vet wrap 
Tefla pads
40
Q

What is the contact layer

A

Touches wound surface and remains in contact during movement
Should minimize pain and prevent excess loss of body fluids
Adherant - debridement required.
Nonadherant - used when granulation tissue has formed and does not stick to wound.

41
Q

Describe the intermediate layer to bandages

A

Absorbent layer, removes and stores exudate, should be thick enough to collect fluid. Pads the wound against trauma. Limits movement and holds the contact layer in place

42
Q

What is the outer layer use for

A

Holds the other parts in place

43
Q

What are adherant bandage

A

Assist in debriding by liquefying necrotic debris.

44
Q

What are stabilizing bandages used for

A

Used to minimize further tissue damages, these are heavily padded such as a Robert Jones

45
Q

What are pressure bandages used for

A

Used to facilitate control of minor hemorrhage, edema. Goods for those spays that bleed, also for animals in shock

46
Q

What are pressure relief bandages used for

A

Used to prevent pressure, usually over a bony prominence. Donut shaped and well padded and difficult to maintain in place

47
Q

Describe an eye surgery bandage

A

Slip 2 fingers under

48
Q

Describe an aural hematoma bandage

A

If tight don’t remove, just snip and retape loosely.

49
Q

Describe a pharyngostomy tube

A

If it slips and restricts respiration or swells neck then remove

50
Q

Describe a chest drain bandage

A

If dyspnea, remove or snip and retape loosely.

51
Q

If there are fractured ribs what do you do

A

Tape 1 1/2 on either side

52
Q

Describe gastrotomy tubes

A

Do not incorporate the prepuce in male dog

53
Q

Describe a laparotomy or spay bandage

A

Keep the bandage clean and dry from urine and feces

54
Q

Describe Robert Jones bandages

A

Highly padded, immobilizes fractures or Edema

Short term use or post op for surgeries.

55
Q

Describe an ehmer sling

A

Hind leg bandage used for hip luxation

Immobilizes leg and keeps joint in place

56
Q

What is a velpeau sling

A

Front leg for shoulder dislocation

Nursing (16 decks)

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