Lecture 1 Flashcards
What is enophthalmia
Recessed eye
What is ataxia
Uncoordinated movements
What is exophthalmia
Protruding eye
What is buphthalmos
Enlarged eye
What is strabismus
Deviation of the eye
What is microphthalmia
Small eye
What is blepharospasm
Spasm of eyelid
What is blepharitis
Swelling of eyelid
What is entropion
Inward rolling of the eyelid
What is ectropion
Outward rolling of the eyelid
What is lagophthalmos
Incomplete closure of the eyelids
What is ptosis
Drooping of the upper eyelid
What are the two types of abnormal discharge
Mucoid and purulent
What is Epiphora
Excessive tear production
What is conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the conjunctiva
What is conjunctival hyperemia
Redness of the conjunctiva due to engorged vessels
What is chemosis
Edema of the conjunctiva
What is subconjunctival hemorrhage
Hemorrhage under the conjunctiva
What is stomatitis
Inflammation of mm. In mouth
What is hyperemia
Redness
What is miosis
Constricted pupil
What is mydriasis
Enlarged pupils
What is cherry eye
Everted third eyelid gland
What is Corneal edema
Cloudy cornea
How do you diagnose a corneal ulcer
Positive fluorescein test
What is neovascularisation
Excessive in growth of blood vessels into the cornea
What is scleral hyperemia
Redness of the sclera due to engorged vessels of the sclera
What is Icteric sclera
Yellow color due to hyperbilirubinemia
What can you auscultate on the left side
Pulmonary
Aortic
Mitral
What can you auscultate on the right
Tricuspid
What is glaucoma
High inter ocular pressure
What is uveitis
Low inter ocular pressure
What does it mean if the mucous membranes are pink
The animals normal
What does it mean if the mucous membranes are pale or white
Anemia, poor perfusion, vasoconstriction
What do blue mucus membranes mean
Inadequate oxygenation
What do brick red mucus membranes mean
Increased perfusion, vasodilation
What do yellow mucus membranes mean
Bilirubin accumulation
What do brown mucus membranes mean
Methemoglobinemia
What do petechia mucus membranes mean
Coagulation disorder
How do you do a fluorescein test
1 First the eye may or may not be anesthetized with a drop of topical anesthetic (lidocaine)
2 The strips are moistened with saline and the dye allowed to flow out over the cornea.
3. The eye is then gently washed with saline to remove all the excess dye
How do you do a schirmers test
Do prior to administration of topical anesthetic. A standardized paper slip is gently placed on the eye. And allowed to absorb tears for one minute, wetting values of less than 15 mm/m are abnormal
What could prolonged capillary refill time indicate
The animal circulation is compromised due to cold, shock, cardiovascular disease, anemia
What organs are located in the cranial abdomen
Stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, two thirds of kidney, spleen
What organs are located in the mid abdomen
Small intestines, Caudal 1/3 of the kidneys, spleen, plus or minus ovaries and uterus
What organs are located in the caudal abdomen
Large intestine, colon, plus or minus uterus, bladder, prostate.
What should you be able to palpate in the abdomen
Stomach, liver, small intestine, kidney, large intestine, colon, bladder
What is wheezing
Breathing with a rasp or whistling sound. Results from construction of obstruction of the throat, pharynx, trachea or bronchi
What is dyspnea
Respiratory distress
What are the signs of respiratory distress
Posturing. Standing or sitting up with back arched, neck extended, and elbows out. Open mouth breathing
What do you call a bump in the skin
Intradermic
What do you call a lump under the skin
Subcutaneous
What is erythema
Redness/area of bruising
What are condomes
Blackheads
What are papules
Small circumscribed solid elevated lesion
What is a pustule
Small circumscribed elevated, pus containing lesion
What are squames
Scale, thin plate like structure
What is atrophia
Muscles that are wasting
How do you initiate palpebral reflex
Touch corner of eye.
How do you initiate menace reflex
Hide one eye with one hand, move your other hand close to the eye.
What is nystagmus
Involuntary movements of the eyeballs in unison
What is miosis
Excessive pupil construction
Excessive pupil dilation
What is mydriasis
What is anisocoria
Unequal size of pupils
What is Melena
Black, tarry, foul smelling stools which are digested blood
What is hematochezia
Red colored stools which is undigested blood
What are the normal temps for dogs
37.5-39.2*C
What are the normal temps for cats
38.1-39.2*C
What is the normal pulse for dogs
60-140bpm
What is the normal pulse for toy breeds
Up to 180 bpm
What is the normal pulse for puppies
Up to 220bpm
What is the normal pulse for cats
140-220bpm
What is the normal respiratory rate for dogs
10-30bpm
What is the normal respiratory rate for cats
24-43bpm