Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ABSITE > wound healing > Flashcards

wound healing Flashcards

1
Q

key growth factor in wound healing

A

PDGF (chemotaxis; activate fibroblasts, macs (to secrete GFs for prolif and angio), PMNs, smooth mm cells; angiogenesis; epithelialization; accelerates wound healing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

tissue injury exposes 3 things.

A

collagen, platelet activating factor, tissue factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

platelet activating factor?

A

generated by phospholipase in endotheliu to increase inflammatory cells and activate plts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

chemotactic factors for inflammatory cells?

A

PDGF, IL8, LTB4, C5a, C3a, PAF, TNFa, IL1f

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

chemotactic factors for fibroblasts?

A

PDGF, EGF, FGF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

angiogenesis factors?

A

hypoxia, PDGF, EGF, FGF, Il8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

epithelialization factors?

A

PDGF, EGF, FGF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

bradykinin

A

released in Type I hypersensitivity
peripheral vasodil, pulm vasocon, bronchoCONstriction, increased permeability
inactivated by ACE in lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

histamine release?

A

mast cells (tissue), basophils (blood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

nitric oxide NO = endothelium derived RELAXING FACTOR

A

arginine precursor

NO activated guanylate cyclase, inc cGMP to dilate SMOOTH MUSCLE.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what has the opposite effect of nitric oxide?

A

endothelin (constrict smooth muscle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what causes fever?

A

IL-1 cytokine (PGE2 mediated in hypothalamus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

NSAIDs effect on fever?

A

decrease PGE2 synthesis. decrease fever.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IL-10

A

decreases the inflammatory response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

interferons…?

A

inhibit viral replication (activate macs, NK cells, T cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

acute phase reactants?

A

released by IL-6 mostly
CRP (activate complement)
amyloid A
fibrinogen
haptoglobin
ceruloplasmin
a1 antitrypsin, C3
*(stop: albumin, prealb, transferrin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

adhesion molecules? ROLLING ADHESION

A

L-selectin (leukocytes) bind E-selectins (endothelial) and P-selectins (plt)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

B2 integrins (CD 11/18 molecules)? ANCHORING ADHESION

A

B2 integrins on leukocytes bind ICAMs on endothelial cells
anchor and help diapedesis (migration into cell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

classic complement pathway

A

unique: C1, C2, C4
activated buy IgG or IgM and antigen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

alternative complement pathway

A

unique: B, D, P
activated by endotoxin, bacteria, others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

common complement?

A

C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what electrolyte required for both complement pathways?

A

Mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

C3a C4a C5a are also referred to as

A

anaphylotoxins (increase vasc perm, bronchoconstr, activate mast/baso)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

MAC membrane attack complex complement

A

C5b, C6b, C7b, C8b, C9b
cause cell LYSIS via hole in cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

opsonization?

A

targeting of Ag for immune response
mediated by C3b and C4b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

PGI2 and PGE2 fxn

A

vasoDILATION, bronchoDILATION, increase permeability, inhibit plt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

NSAIDs vs ASA on COX

A

NSAIDs inhibit reversibly
ASA inhibits irreverisbly and inhibit plt adhesions by decreasing TXA2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

steroids on COX

A

inhibit phospholipase so phospholipids cannot become arachidonic acid (so decrease inflammation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

lipoxygenase pathway (leukocyte derived)… leukotrienes.

A

also arachidonic precursors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

LTC4 LTD4 LTE4 fxn

A

slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis…
bronchoCONSTRICTION, vasoCONSTRICTION then increased permeability (wheal and flare)

31
Q

LTB4

A

chemotactic for inflammatory cells

32
Q

NE vs E release

A

NE released from sympathetic postganglionic neurons AND medulla
Epi just released from medulla

33
Q

hormones released with inflammation?

A

CRF, ACTH, ADH (keep water), GH, Epi, NEpi

34
Q

superoxide anion radical O2-

A

made by NADPH oxidase
cell defense: superoxide dismutase
CGD: NADPH issue can’t make O2-

35
Q

hydrogen peroxide H2O2

A

made by: xanthine oxidase
cell defense: glutathione peroxidase, catalase

36
Q

wound healing phases?

A
  1. inflammation (1-10 days)
  2. proliferation (5 days - 3 wks)
  3. remodeling (3 wks - 1 yr)
37
Q

what type of collagen in proliferation phase?

A

3 to 1 … by the end of 3 wks

38
Q

how fast is epithelialization & p. nerve regen?

A

1-2 mm/day

39
Q

remodeling is what action in wound healing?

A

crosslinking of type I collagen

40
Q

main cell type at 2 days, 4 days, 5+ days in wound healing?

A

0-2: PMN
3-4: mac
5+: fibroblasts**

41
Q

fibronectin?

A

released by fibroblasts, chemotactic for macs, anchors fibroblasts.. makes up provisional matrix with HYALURONIC ACID

42
Q

fibroblasts replace fibronectin-fiber with…?

A

collagen

43
Q

most important factor in healing open wounds vs closed wounds?

A

open: epithelial integrity (secondary intention)
closed: tensile strength (primary intention)

44
Q

strength layer of bowel?

A

submucosa

45
Q

when to take out sutures

A

face: 1 wk
other: 2 wks

46
Q

weakest time for bowel anastomosis?

A

3-5 days

47
Q

myofibroblast function in scar; how to communicate

A

smooth muscle-fibroblast; communicate via gap junction
healing by secondary intention - wound contraction!

48
Q

type I collagen

A

MC. skin, bone, tendon, healed wound

49
Q

type II collagen

A

cartiage

50
Q

type III collagen

A

wound healing…. blood vessels, skin

happens day 8 thru 1 year

51
Q

type IV collagen

A

basement membrane

52
Q

type V collagen

A

everywhere.. cornea

53
Q

collagen synthesis reagents?

A

a-ketoglutarate, vit C, oxygen, iron, prolyl hydroxylase (hydroxylation)

54
Q

what cross links in collagen?

A

proline (q3 amino acid)

55
Q

scar strength compared to original tissue?

A

80% @ 8 wks

56
Q

maximum collagen amount (uncrosslinked) at what time?

A

3 wks

57
Q

d-penicillamine on cross linking?

A

inhibits collagen cross linking

58
Q

transcutaneous oxygen measurement necessary for wound healing?

A

25+ mm Hg

59
Q

how does DM affect wound healing?

A

hyperglycemia causes poor leukocyte chemotaxis

60
Q

what vitamin couteracts effects of steroids on wound healing?

A

vitamin A 25000 IU qd

61
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta?

A

type I collagen defect

62
Q

ehlers danlos syndrome?

A

collagen disorders

63
Q

marfans

A

fibrillin defect (CT protein)

64
Q

epidermolysis bullosa?

A

excessive fibroblasts
tx: phenytoin

65
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum

A

wound healing issue; treat with STEROIDS

66
Q

DFI?

A

diabetic foot infection. mostly Charcot’s joint (2nd MTP joint)

67
Q

when to stop chemotherapy if anticipating wound healing?

A

14 days

68
Q

how does cartilage get blood flow?

A

it doesn’t… diffusion only for nutrients and oxygen

69
Q

alpha granules in plt - contents?

A

plt factor 4,
factor V and VIII (coagulation factors)
vWF
fibrinogen
B-thrombomodulin (binds thrombin)
PDGF
TGF-B (modulates above responses)

70
Q

dense granules in plt - contents?

A

adenosine, serotonin, calcium

71
Q

plt aggregation factors?

A

TXA2, thrombin, plt factor 4

72
Q

rate of wound infection

A

clean: 1-2% infection
clean contaminated: 5-10%
contaminated 15-30%
dirty >30%

73
Q

treat venous leg ulcers?

A

Unna boot (elastic wrap) > pentoxifylline or aspirin

74
Q
A

ABSITE (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions