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Cardio > Wound > Flashcards

Wound Flashcards

1
Q

Site of wounds in arterial insufficiency

A

lat malleolus
dorsum of foot
toes

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2
Q

Trophic changes in arterial insufficiency

A

Abnormal hair growth
Decreased LE hair
Dry skin

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2
Q

Clinical presentation of a pt c venous insufficiency

A

Swelling of U/L or bilat LE
LE pain that is relieved by elevation

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2
Q

Early S/Sx of Arterial insufficiency

A

Decreased hair on toes

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2
Q

Characteristics of arterial wounds

A

(-) granulation
necrotic
pale

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2
Q

Temperature of extremity upon palpation in pts c Arterial insufficiency

A

Cool

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2
Q

Late S/Sx of Arterial insufficiency

A

Gangrene

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2
Q

Treatment for Lymphatic dse

A

Complete Decongestive Therapy (Phase 1 and 2)

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2
Q

Trophic changes in a pt c venous dse

A

Hemosiderin staining
Lipodermatosclerosis

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2
Q

Primary areas of pressure ulcers

A

Sacrum
Coccyx
GT
OT
Calcaneus
Lateral Malleolus

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2
Q

The temperature of extremity upon palpation in a pt c venous dse

A

Warm

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2
Q

Status of LE upon elevation in a pt c Arterial dse

A

Pallor

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2
Q

Steps for MLD

A

Decongest first
Milk distal to proximal

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2
Q

S/Sx of venous insufficiency

A

itching, aching, heavy limb

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2
Q

Status of LE upon dependency in a pt c Arterial dse

A

Rubor

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2
Q

Treatment for Arterial wounds

A

Debridement
Skin grafts
Amputation

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2
Q

Site of wounds in venous dse

A

Proximal to medial malleolus

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2
Q

Stages of pressure ulcers

A

Blanchable Erythema
Superficial abrasion, blisters, and shallow craters
Full thickness loss

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2
Q

Dyvascular S/Sx of neuropathies

A

Ischemia resulting to impaired healing time
Impaired O2 transportation
Poor wound healing

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2
Q

Cause of Pressure/Decubitus Ulcers

A

Unrelieved pressure to the dermis

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2
Q

Pressure sores/ulcers are common among

A

Immobilized individuals

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3
Q

Clinical presentation of a pt c lymphatic impairment

A

Swelling distal to or adjacent to the area c impaired lymphatic drainage

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3
Q

Gold standard intervention for venous dse

A

Compression therapy

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3
Q

Tissue under the wound edge becomes eroded, resulting in a pocket beneath the skin

A

Undermining

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3
Clinical presentation of neuropathies
Ulcers in WB surfaces of the foot Anesthetic, round, over bony prominences
3
Pathogenesis of pressure ulcers
Pressure occludes blood vessels leading to decreased blood flow towards it and resulting in cell death and necrosis
3
Motor S/Sx of neuropathies
Loss of intrinsic muscles Hammer claw toes Foot drop d/t loss of nerve supply
3
Characteristics of an Exudate
Creamy, yellowish Moderate to very thick
3
Sensory S/Sx of neuropathies
No pain pressure and temperature sense Increased risk for skin breakdown Wound formation d/t
3
Any dse involving peripheral, cranial, and/or autonomic nerves
Neurpathies
3
Passageways underneath the skin surface that extend from a wound and can take twists and turns
Tunneling
3
Autonomic S/Sx of neuropathies
decreased or absent sweat and oil production resulting to dry and inelasstic skin Heavy callus formation
3
Characteristics of a Transudate
Clear Thin Watery
3
Characteristics of a Pus
Yellow, brown Moderate to very thick
3
Characteristics of a Serosanguineous
Clear or tinge of red/brown Thin Watery
3
Intact skin with a localized area of non-blanchable erythema No color changes
Stage 1: Non-blanchable erythema
3
Wound bed is viable; pink or red in color, moist and may present as an intact or ruptured blister
Stage 2: Partial-thickness skin loss
3
S/Sx of Diabetic neuropathy
Foot insenstivity Ulceration
3
NPUAP stages pressure ulcers
Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis Full-thickness skin loss Full-thickness skin loss and tissue loss Unstageable Deep Tissue Pressure Injury
3
Characteristics of an infected Pus
Hues of yellow, blue, and green Thick May have a foul drainage
4
Adipose is visible in the ulcer and granulation tissue and epibole are often present Slough or eschar may be visible
Stage 3: Full-thickness skin loss
4
Exposed or directly palpable fascia, muscle, tendon, ligament, cartilage, or bone
Stage 4: Full-thickness skin and tissue loss
4
Staging cannot be confirmed d/t slough or eschar
Unstageable: Obscure full-thickness skin and tissue loss
5
Purpose of doing whirlpool for wounds
Softens adherent necrotic tissue
5
Intact or non-intact skin with localized area of persistent non-blanchable erythema Deep red, marron, or purple in color revealing a dark wound bed or blood-filled blister
Deep Tissue Injury
6
Sensory assessment used for wounds
Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament test
6
What type of debridement does whirlpool fall under?
Non-selective
7
Disadvantages of using whirlpool
Increased risk for infection May delay wound healing
8
Removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissues
Debridement
8
Types of non-selective debridement
Wet-to-dry Surgical debridement Pulsatile lavage with suction Whirlpool
8
Purpose of doing debridement
Prevents bacterial overgrowth Encourages normal cell activity Better tissue repair
8
Tool used in sharp debridement
Scalpel
8
Disadvantages of doing wet-to-dry dressing
Removes endogenous fluids, fibrin, and other cells needed for healing Increased risk for trauma and bleeding
8
Another name for maggot debridement
larval therapy
8
Characteristics of Alginates
calcium alginate absorbs 20-30 times its weight biocompatible c wound bed needs secondary dressing permeable to bacteria
8
Duration of maggot over the wound
2-5 days
8
Types of selective debridement
Sharp Chemical/Enzymatic Biosurgery
8
Advantages of maggot debridement
removal of devitalized tissues resulting in improved wound healing reduced risk for infections
8
Advantages of chemical/enzymatic debridement
Simple, selective, and minimal discomfort
8
Most common type of non-selective debridement
Wet-to-dry dressing
8
A dressing applied over the primary for anchoring
Secondary
8
What is applied in a chemical/enzymatic debridement
topical agent containing enzymes that dissolve necrotic tissue
8
Contraindication of sharp debridement
Vascular wounds c limited blood flow Eschar-covered wound
8
Ideal dressing
Preserves wound hydration Limits fluid loss
9
Characteristics of an Impregnated Gauze dressing
Synthetic gauze; less adherent Impregnated c Vaseline or Petroleum emulsion Minimally absorptive
9
Disadvantages of chemical/enzymatic debridement
requires frequent dressing changes requires removal of eschar to improve penetration
9
Characteristics of Foam dressing
Highly absorbent pads Highly occlusive and assists in moist wound healing Not used in dry wounds
9
Use of endogenous enzymes to digest devitalized tissue
Autolytic debridement
9
Characteristics of a Fiber gauze dressing
Cost-effective Synthetic gauze; less adherent
9
A dressing applied in direct contact to the wound
Primary
9
Most occlusive dressing
Hydrocolloids
9
Indication of Hydrocolloid
Mild to moderate exudate
9
Characteristics of Hydrofibers
Selective absorptive capacity Combined positive effects of alginate, foam, and gel dressing Absorbs exudate Fibers align perpendicular
9
Characteristics of a Transparent Film Dressing
Transparent membranes c acrylic adhesive layer Prevents bacteria and moisture from entering the wound Keeps moisture, traps endogenous fluid and allows for autolytic debridement
10
What type of dressing used as covering maggot debridement
Hydrocolloid
10
Contraindication of Antiseptics
Non-infected wounds
11
Recommended for wounds c Staph Aureus
Povidone-Iodine
12
Used for wounds with purulent exudates
Sodium Hypochlorite
13
Examples of Sodium Hypochlorite
Dakin's solution Bleach
14
Used to manage Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Acetic Acid Solution
15
Example of Oxidizing agents
Hydrogen peroxide
15
Non-selective debridement reaction of Oxidizing agents
Bubbling reaction
16
Examples of antibacterials
Mupirocin ointments

Cardio (15 decks)

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