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Cardio > Cardiac Assessment > Flashcards

Cardiac Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Least helpful assessment in cardio

A

Percussion

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2
Q

Cardinal S/Sx of Cardiac dse

A

Chest pain
Dyspnea
Palpitation
Syncope
Diaphoresis
Cyanosis
Fatigue
Cough
Edema
Claudication

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3
Q

m/c chief complain of cardiac patients

A

Chest pain (Angina pectoris)

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4
Q

Type of pain characterized by pressure, tightness, squeezing, chest heaviness, sided chest pain

A

Ischemic pain

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5
Q

Type of pain that is usually predictable and varies. Example of this is “heart burn”

A

Non-ischemic pain

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6
Q

Condition that presents with sudden onset sharp, TEARING, knife-like or ripping pain radiating to the INTERSCAPULAR area

A

Aortic dissection

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7
Q

Condition that presents with Sudden onset, pleuritic often unilateral pain initially presenting with dyspnea, tachypnea and tachycardia

A

Pulmonary Embolism

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8
Q

Condition that presents with sudden onset, unilateral pleuritic pain accompanied with dyspnea, chest lag and
decrease heart sounds

A

Pneumothorax

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9
Q

A type of pneumothorax that occurs d/t previous pulmonary condition

A

Spontaneous Pneumothorax

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10
Q

A type of Pneumothorax that is large enough to cause contralateral mediastinal shift

A

Tension Pneumothorax

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11
Q

Components of the Beck’s triad

A

Low BP
Distended jugular veins
Muffled heartbeats

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12
Q

Sharp, retrosternal pain relieved by sitting forward accompanied by BECK’S TRIAD

A

Cardiac Tamponade

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13
Q

Sharp pleuritic retrosternal pain radiating to the trapezius; worsened by inhalation, relieved by sitting forward

A

Acute Pericarditis

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14
Q

Pain in the DERMATOMAL distribution with preceding onset of skin lesions

A

Herpes Zoster

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15
Q

Burning pain in the epigastrium radiating to the substernal area, worsened by recumbency after a meal

A

Esophageal reflux

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16
Q

Pinpoint or localized pain reproducible by pressure or palpation on the area

A

Costochondritis (Tietze’s syndrome)

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17
Q

Deep, BORING, Epigastric pain radiating to the BACK

A

Acute pancreatitis

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18
Q

Epigastric pain radiating to the TIP OF THE RIGHT SCAPULAR

A

Gallbladder disease

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19
Q

Clenching of the fist held against the sternum and forward hunching seen in patients experiencing myocardial infarction

A

Levine Sign

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20
Q

Equivalent of Angina Pectoris in women and elderly

A

Diaphoresis
Dyspnea
Nausea
Syncope
Eructation
Fatigue

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21
Q

A type of angina that is elicited by exercise, pain, and emotional stress and relieved by rest

A

Stable Angina

22
Q

A type of angina that is not related to stress and may or may not be relieved by rest or nitrates

A

Resting Angina (Angina Decubitus)

23
Q

A type of Angina that presents with abrupt change in the intensity and frequency of symptoms. Its onset is found even at rest and cannot be relieved by rest or nitrates.

A

Unstable Angina (Crescendo, Pre-infarction, Progressive Angina)

24
Q

Duration of Unstable Angina

A

25-30 mins

25
Q

A type of angina that awakens the patient from sleep of the same exertion experienced during real exertion

A

Nocturnal Angina

26
Q

A type of angina that presents with unusual symptom such as toothaches, TMJ pain, earache (more present on the left side)

A

Atypical Angina

27
Q

A type of angina that is caused by abnormal or involuntary coronary artery spasm that narrows the arterial lumen

A

Prinzmetal Angina

28
Q

A type of condition that is described as the “patient waking up due to the feeling of drowning”

A

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea

29
Q

Inability to breath while in supine

A

Orthopnea

30
Q

A condition wherein there is difficulty breathing in sitting

A

Platypnea

31
Q

A condition wherein there is difficulty breathing in side-lying

A

Trepopnea

32
Q

Characterized by fainting and lightheadedness

A

Cardiac Syncope

33
Q

Cause of Cardiac Syncope

A

Reduced O2 to the brain

34
Q

Provoked by minimal exertion indicated a lack of energy

A

Fatigue

35
Q

A condition where there is decreased O2 levels in the arterial blood

A

Central cyanosis

36
Q

A condition where there is decreased blood flow in the periphery

A

Peripheral cyanosis

37
Q

Recommended activities for pt with Hgb levels of 10-12 g/dL

A

Low-impact and low intensity aerobic exercise
Isometric exercises
Resistive exercises

38
Q

Recommended activities for pt with Hgb levels of 8-10 g/dL

A

Light exercises; no aerobics

39
Q

Recommended activities for pt with Hgb levels of <8 g/dL

A

Defer treatment

40
Q

Recommended activities for pts with Hct levels of 30% or more

A

Resistive exercises

41
Q

Recommended activities for pts with Hct levels of >25% or more

A

Light exercises

42
Q

Recommended activities for pts with Hct levels of <25% or more

A

Defer

43
Q

Normal WBC level

A

4,800-10,800 mm3

44
Q

Indication for a pt WBC levels of > 5,000/mm3

A

Light exercise; may progress to resistive exercise

45
Q

Indication for a pt WBC levels of < 5,000/mm3

A

No exercises

46
Q

Indication for a pt WBC levels of < 1,000/mm3

A

Defer

47
Q

Normal range of platelet count

A

> 150,000

48
Q

Indication for a pt with platelet levels of 50,000-150,000 platelet count

A

Progressive resistive exercises as tolerated

49
Q

Indication for a pt with platelet levels of 20,000-50,000 platelet count

A

AROM exercises
Moderate exercise; light weights

50
Q

Indication for a pt with platelet levels of 10,000-20,000 platelet count

A

Light exercises; no resistance training

51
Q

Indication for a pt with platelet levels of < 10,000 platelet count

A

Defer

Cardio (15 decks)

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