Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardio > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Location of the heart

A

Mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Innervation of the heart

A

C3-T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do you call the condition wherein the heart is situated on the R side?

A

Dextrocardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do you call the condition wherein the visceral organs are located on the other side?

A

Situs Inversus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Surfaces of the heart

A

Sternocostal (Ant): RV
Diaphragmatic (Inf): LV > RV
Right Pulmonary: RA
Left Pulmonary: LV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Borders of the heart

A

Right: RA, SVC, IVC
Inferior: RV, LV
Left: LV, L auricle
Right: RA, LA, Auricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A fibroserous sac that encloses the heart and the roots of the great vessels.

A

Pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Function of the pericardium

A

Restrict excessive movements of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The strong fibrous part of the sac. It is found superficially and attached below to the central tendon of the diaphragm

A

Fibrous Pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Function of the Fibrous Pericardium

A

Prevents overstretching
Anchors heart to the mediastinum
Provides protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Inner layer of the pericardium

A

Serous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The sensitive layer of serous pericardium that is fused with the pericardium

A

Parietal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The layer of the pericardium the adheres to the outermost layer of the cardiac wall, it is fused with the heart (epicardium)

A

Visceral layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A space between the two layers of the serous pericardium filled with pericardial fluid

A

Pericardial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Function of pericardial fluid

A

Reduces friction between the two layers of the serous pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the condition wherein there is an inflammation of the pericardium?

A

Pericarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cause of pericarditis

A

Too little pericardial fluid in the pericardial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What sound can be heard when a person has pericarditis?

A

Pericardial friction rub

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Layer of the heart that is fused with the visceral layer of serous pericardium

A

Epicardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

It is the layer of the heart responsible for the pumping action of the heart.

A

Myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Myocardium makes up for how much percentage of the heart wall?

A

95%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The innermost layer of the heart made up of squamous epithelium

A

Endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Function of the smooth endothelial lining in the endocardium

A

Minimizes the surface friction as blood passes through the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Receiving chambers of the heart

A

Atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Pumping chambers of the heart
Ventricles
26
Valves responsible for S1(Lub) heart sound
Atrioventricular valves: Tricuspid and Bicuspid
27
Valves responsible for S2(Dub) heart sound
Semilunar valves: Pulmonic and Aortic
28
What heart structures are affected when there is Endocarditis?
Chordae Tendinae Papillary muscles
29
Auscultation of Aortic Valve
2nd ICS R Parasternal
30
Auscultation of Pulmonic Valve
2nd ICS L Parasternal
31
Auscultation of Mitral Valve
5th ICS L Midclavicular line
32
Auscultation of Tricuspid Valve
3rd, 4th, 5th, L ICS Parasternal
33
The heart structure in fetus that bridges the Atrium together
Foramen Ovale
34
The heart structure in fetus that bridges the Pulmonary Trunk to the Aorta (Also bypass the liver into the IVC)
Ductus Arteriosus
35
What do you call the depression in the heart that forms after the closure of Foramen Ovale?
Fossa Ovalis
36
What do you call the small fibrous remnant of the Ductus Arteriosus?
Ligamentum Arteriosum
37
Which artery supplies the ascending aorta and surrounds the heart?
Coronary Artery
38
Branches of the RCA and the structures it supplies blood to
SA Nodal artery: 60% of SA Node R Marginal artery: RV Post Interventricular artery: RV, LV, IV Septum AV Nodal artery: AV Node
39
Branches of the LCA and the structures it supplies blood to
Left Anterior Descending Artery (LADA): RV, LV, IV Septum Circumflex Artery: 40% of SA node, LV
40
What happens during S1 heart sound?
Closing of AV valves after atrial contraction
41
What happens during S2 heart sound?
Closing of SL valves after ventricular contraction
42
What happens during S3 heart sound?
Rapid ventricular filling
43
Indication of a S3 heart sound?
Early diastole Aortic/Mitral regurgitation Constrictive Pericarditis CHF
44
What happens during S4 heart sound?
Atrial gallop; rapid filling of ventricles
45
Indication of S4 heart sound
Myocardial Infarction HTN
46
Status of valves during Systole
AV: Closed SL: Open
47
Status of valves during Diastole
AV: Open SL: Closed
48
What happens during Isovolumetric Contraction?
Ventricular contraction closes the Tricuspid valve Both AV and SL valves are closed
49
What happens during Isovolumetric Relaxation?
SL valves close to prevent backflow AV valves open to restart the cycle
50
Valvular condition wherein there is narrowing of the Valves
Stenosis
51
Valvular insufficiency d/t enlargement, redundancy of floppy valves
Regurgitation
52
Regurgitation leads to what abnormal process?
Backflow of the blood
53
Location of SA node
Superior but lateral to the wall of R atrium
54
Range of HR when SA node is active
60-100 bpm
55
Another name for the AV node
Junctional node
56
Location of the AV node
IA septum
57
Most common site of heart block
AV node
58
Range of HR when SA node is absent
40-60 bpm
59
Location of the Bundle of His
IV septum
60
The largest pacemaker
Purkinje fibers
61
Location of Purkinje fibers
L and R ventricles
62
Range of HR when both SA and AV node is absent
20-40 bpm
63
Represents the force the heart generates with each contraction left ventricle (systole) and the resting pressure between beats (diastole)
Pulse pressure
64
Normal pulse pressure
40 mmHg
65
Formula for pulse pressure
SBP - DBP
66
Amount of blood pumped by heart per contraction/beat
Stroke volume
67
Formula for stroke volume
EDV-ESV
68
Normal EDV
120 mL
69
Normal ESV
50 mL
70
Normal SV
55-100 mL
71
Volume of blood pumped by the minute of the heart.
Cardiac output
72
Formula for Cardiac output
SV x HR
73
Normal amount of cardiac output
4-6 L
74
An average blood pressure in the arteries during a single cardiac cycle.
Mean arterial pressure
75
Formula for MAP
DBP + 1/3(PP)
76
Normal MAP
70-110 mmHg
77
Formula for MVO2
HR x SBP
78
Location of baroreceptors/pressoreceptors
Aortic arch wall Carotid sinus
79
How does baroreceptors react to irregular heart rhythms?
Results in electrolyte imbalance and/or ischemia
80
What do baroreceptors/pressoreceptors do?
Detect stretch and pressure

Cardio (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions