Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardio > Pulmonary System > Flashcards

Pulmonary System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the pulmonary system

A

Provides for gas exchange
Regulates blood pH
Contains olfactory receptors
Filters inspired air
Produce vocal sounds
Excretes water and heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Airway branching

A

Trachea
Main Bronchi
Lobar and Segmental bronchi
Bronchioles and terminal bronchioles
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveolar sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Upper respiratory system

A

Nose
Nasal cavity
Pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lower respiratory system

A

Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

consists of a series of interconnecting cavities and tubes both outside and within the lungs

A

Conducting zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

consists of tubes and tissues within the lungs where gas exchange occurs

A

Respiratory zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The respiratory zone consists of

A

Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveolar sacs
Alveoli
Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Functions of the nose

A

Primary entrance for air
Contains olfactory receptors
Speech and sound
Modify vocal sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

It filters air that goes through the lungs

A

Nasal hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Divides the nose into two sides

A

Nasal septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Covered by the mucuous membrane

A

Nasal conchae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a visible external portion and an internal portion inside the skull

A

Nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Aka throat

A

Pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Three anatomical regions of the throat

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The conducting zone consists of

A

Nose
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Terminal Bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Branching of bronchioles

A

Trachea
Main bronchi
Lobar bronchi
Segmental bronchi
Bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many lobes and fissures does the left lung have

A

Lobes: 2
Fissure: 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In what lung can the cardiac notch be found?

A

Left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Lobes of the left lung

A

Upper lobe
Lower lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lobes of the right lung

A

Upper lobe
Middle lobe
Lower lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Functions as the voice box

A

Larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Another function of the Larynx aside from being the voice box

A

Connects the pharynx to the trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Function of the epiglottis

A

Seal of windpipe during swallowing so the food and liquid do not enter the airway and lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Function of the glottis

A

Producing sounds from vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Tubular passageway for air located anterior to the esophagus
Trachea
26
Shape of the cartilage that support the trachea
C-shaped
27
Tubes branching off the trachea leading to the lungs
Bronchi
28
Primary organ of respiration
Lungs
29
Cup-shaped outpouching where gas exchange occurs
Alveoli
30
Alveoli is lined by what type of epithelium
Simple squamous epithelium
31
In gas exchange, diffusions take place across what structures?
Alveolar and capillary walls
32
Type I alveolar cells
Muscin
33
Type II alveolar cells
Surfactant
34
Type III alveolar cells
Alveolar macrophages
35
Muscles of relaxed inspiration
Diaphragm External intercostals
36
Muscles of forced inspiration
SCM Upper trapezius Pec Major & Minor Anterior, Middle, & Posterior Scalene Serratus Anterior Serratus Posterior Superior
37
Muscles of relaxed expiration
No muscles involved d/t elastic recoil of lungs and thorax
38
Muscles of forced expiration
Abdominals Serratus Posterior Inferior Internal intercostals
39
A forward and upward movement of the sternum and upper ribs
Pump-handle motion
40
Pump-Handle motion increases what dimension?
Antero-posterior dimension
41
What happens to the thoracic spine during pump-handle motion?
Thoracic spine extends to enable greater excursion of the sternum
42
In what ribs does the pump-handle motion occur?
Ribs 1-7
43
An elevation and outward turning of the lateral portion of the ribs
Bucket-Handle motion
44
What dimension does the Bucket-Handle motion increase?
Transverse (lateral) dimension
45
In what ribs does the Bucket-Handle motion occur?
Ribs 8-10
46
An increase in the subcostal angle
Caliper motion
47
What happens to the rib segments during caliper motion?
The costochondral junction also increases, making the rib segments longer during inspiration
48
An increase in the vertical dimension
Piston action
49
What happens to the diaphragm during piston action?
The central tendon of the diaphragm descends as the muscle contracts.
50
How does the vertical dimension increase in piston action?
Elevation of the ribs increases vertical dimension of the thorax. It also improves the effectiveness of the diaphragm
51
What structures of the brain controls the breathing?
Medulla Oblongata Pons
52
Respiratory group that controls the normal quiet breathing
Dorsal Respiratory Group
53
Respiratory group that is used during forceful expiration
Ventral Respiratory Group
54
The respiratory group that modifies the rhythm of breathing during exercise, speaking, and sleeping
Pontine respiratory group
55
This inhibits inspiration
Pneumotaxic
56
This stimulates inspiration
Apneustic
57
The superficial layer that lines the wall of the thoracic cavity
Parietal pleura
58
The deep layer that covers the lungs itself.
Visceral pleura
59
A small space between the visceral and parietal pleurae
Pleural cavity
60
Inflammation of the pleural membrane
Pleurisy/Pleuritis
61
Presence of excessive fluid in the pleural cavity
Pleural effusion
62
Involves the exchange of air between the atmosphere and the alveoli of the lungs
Pulmonary Ventilation
63
The exchange of gases between the alveoli of the lungs and blood in pulmonary capillaries across the respiratory membrane
External respiration
64
The exchange of gases between blood in systemic capillaries and tissue cells.
Internal respiration
65
Where is the Pneumotaxic center located?
Upper Pons
66
Where is the Apneustic center located?
Lower Pons
67
The amount of gas reaching the alveoli
Ventilation
68
The blood flow reaching the alveoli
Perfusion
68
Increased CO2, decreased O2 results in
Vasoconstriction of bronchiole
68
Normal alveolar ventilation
4L/min
68
Decreased CO2, increased O2 results in
Vasoconstriction of Capillary
69
Normal pulmonary flow
5L/min
69
Ventilation at the apices
> 0.8
69
Ventilation-Perfusion ratio
V/Q
69
Ventilation at the bases
< 0.8
70
Normal value of ventilation-perfusion ratio
0.8
71
How many alveoli are there in the lungs?
300,000,000
71
Where are larger alveoli found?
Apex
72
What happens when the alveoli are larger?
It is less compliant because it stretches less resulting in decreased ventilation
73
Where are smaller alveoli found?
Base
74
What happens when the alveoli are smaller?
It is more compliant as it can stretch more resulting in increased ventilation
75
Ventilation-perfusion ratio in the apex of the lungs
Both decreased but V > P
76
Ventilation-perfusion ratio in the base of the lungs
Both increased but P > V
77
Normal Tidal Volume
500 mL
78
Amount of oxygen exchanged in the capillaries
350 mL
79
Amount of anatomic dead space
150 mL
80
Components of the physiologic dead space
Anatomic dead space Alveolar dead space
81
Factors of rate of gas exchange
Partial pressure differences Molecular weight and solubility Diffusion distance Available surface area
82
Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
6000 mL
83
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
3000 mL
84
Residual Volume (RV)
1,200 mL
85
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
1,100 mL
86
Amount of air that can be maximally inspired after normal expiration.
Inspiratory Capacity (IC)
87
IC is the sum of
TV and IRV
88
Inspiratory Capacity (IC)
3,600 mL
89
Amount of air left in the lungs after normal expiration
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)
90
FRC is the sum of
ERV and RV
91
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)
2,300 mL
92
Amount of air that can be maximally expired after maximal inspiration
Vital Capacity (VC)
93
VC is the sum of
IRV, TV, and ERV
94
Vital Capacity (VC)
4,800 mL
95
Amount of air that can still be inspired after normal inspiration
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
96
Amount of air that can still be expired after normal expiration
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

Cardio (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions